Postgresql: 概述架构图
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@ -36,6 +36,116 @@ PostgreSQL 的发展历程反映了其对技术创新和社区驱动的承诺：
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与其他关系数据库相比，**PostgreSQL 一直强调其对开放性、扩展性和标准的遵循**。与 MySQL、Oracle 和 SQL Server 等数据库相比，它被视为一个功能丰富但需要一定学习投入的选择。
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## 架构
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```mermaid
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graph LR;
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A[PostgreSQL 数据库服务] --> B1[数据库集簇 A];
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A[PostgreSQL 数据库服务] --> B2[数据库集簇 B];
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B1 --> C1[单一实例];
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B2 --> C2[单一实例];
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C1 --> D1[数据库 A];
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C1 --> D2[数据库 B];
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C2 --> D3[数据库 C];
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D1 --> E1[数据表1];
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D1 --> E2[数据表2];
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D1 --> F1[视图];
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D1 --> F2[函数];
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D1 --> F3[触发器];
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E1 --> G1[列];
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E1 --> G2[索引];
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E1 --> G3[主键];
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E1 --> G4[外键];
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E1 --> G9[约束];
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E2 --> G5[列];
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E2 --> G6[索引];
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E2 --> G7[主键];
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E2 --> G8[外键];
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E2 --> G10[约束];
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A --> H1[事务和并发控制];
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A --> H2[备份和恢复];
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A --> H3[安全性和权限管理];
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A --> I[进程管理器];
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A --> J[SQL 解析器];
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A --> K[查询优化器];
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A --> L[查询执行器];
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I --> M[后台进程];
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I --> N[自动清理进程];
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I --> O[后台工作进程];
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L --> P[存储管理器];
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P --> Q[缓冲区管理];
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P --> R[磁盘空间管理];
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P --> S[事务管理];
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P --> X[日志管理];
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Q --> T[共享缓冲区];
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Q --> U[WAL 预写日志];
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S --> V[事务日志];
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S --> W[多版本并发控制 MVCC];
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H1 --> Y[锁管理];
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H2 --> Z1[物理备份];
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H2 --> Z2[逻辑备份];
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H3 --> Z3[角色和权限管理];
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H3 --> Z4[加密和认证];
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K --> Z5[统计信息];
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style A fill:#f9d,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px;
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style B1 fill:#fc9,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px;
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style B2 fill:#fc9,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px;
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style C1 fill:#9cf,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px;
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style C2 fill:#9cf,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px;
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style D1 fill:#9fc,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px;
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style D2 fill:#9fc,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px;
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style D3 fill:#9fc,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px;
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style E1 fill:#c9f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px;
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style E2 fill:#c9f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px;
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style F1 fill:#ccf,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px;
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style F2 fill:#ccf,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px;
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style F3 fill:#ccf,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px;
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style G1 fill:#fcc,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px;
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style G2 fill:#fcc,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px;
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style G3 fill:#fcc,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px;
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style G4 fill:#fcc,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px;
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style G5 fill:#fcc,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px;
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style G6 fill:#fcc,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px;
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style G7 fill:#fcc,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px;
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style G8 fill:#fcc,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px;
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style G9 fill:#fcc,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px;
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style G10 fill:#fcc,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px;
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style H1 fill:#ccc,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px;
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style H2 fill:#ccc,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px;
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style H3 fill:#ccc,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px;
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style I fill:#9cf,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px;
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style J fill:#9cf,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px;
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style K fill:#9cf,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px;
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style L fill:#9cf,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px;
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style M fill:#cfc,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px;
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style N fill:#cfc,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px;
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style O fill:#cfc,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px;
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style P fill:#ccf,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px;
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style Q fill:#ccf,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px;
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style R fill:#ccf,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px;
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style S fill:#ccf,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px;
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style T fill:#fcc,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px;
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style U fill:#fcc,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px;
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style V fill:#fcc,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px;
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style W fill:#fcc,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px;
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style X fill:#ccf,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px;
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style Y fill:#ccc,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px;
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style Z1 fill:#ccc,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px;
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style Z2 fill:#ccc,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px;
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style Z3 fill:#ccc,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px;
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style Z4 fill:#ccc,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px;
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style Z5 fill:#9cf,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px;
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```
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## 特点
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作为世界上最先进的开源关系数据库，PostgreSQL 具有以下显著特点：
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@ -70,6 +180,14 @@ PostgreSQL 通常每年发布一次主要版本，并根据需要发布小的补
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```mermaid
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graph LR
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style A fill:#f9d,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px;
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style B fill:#9cf,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px;
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style C fill:#9cf,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px;
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style D fill:#ccf,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px;
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style E fill:#ccf,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px;
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style F fill:#ccf,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px;
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style G fill:#ccf,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px;
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A[PostgreSQL 发布规则]
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B[小版本发布]
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C[主要版本发布]
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@ -87,10 +205,11 @@ graph LR
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C --> H
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D[每个季度至少发布一次小版本]
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F[目标日期：每年的 2 月、5 月、8 月和 11 月的第二个星期四]
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F[目标日期: 每年的 2 月, 5 月, 8 月和 11 月的第二个星期四]
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E[每年一次发布一次主要版本]
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G[计划在 2023 年第三季度发布 16 版本]
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H[主要版本提供 5 年技术支持]
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```
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## 文化
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@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
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{
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"label": "基础理论",
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"label": "基础",
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"position": 1,
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"link": {
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"type": "generated-index",
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"title": "基础理论"
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"title": "基础"
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}
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}
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