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常见算法

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周中平 2022-01-27 11:26:36 +08:00
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docs/开发/Python/分支、循环结构.md
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上面的代码中使用了`break`关键字来提前终止循环，需要注意的是`break`只能终止它所在的那个循环，这一点在使用嵌套的循环结构（下面会讲到）需要引起注意。除了`break`之外，还有另一个关键字是`continue`，它可以用来放弃本次循环后续的代码直接让循环进入下一轮。 上面的代码中使用了`break`关键字来提前终止循环，需要注意的是`break`只能终止它所在的那个循环，这一点在使用嵌套的循环结构（下面会讲到）需要引起注意。除了`break`之外，还有另一个关键字是`continue`，它可以用来放弃本次循环后续的代码直接让循环进入下一轮。
## 常见循环示例
### 九九乘法表
```
"""
输出乘法口诀表(九九表)
Version: 0.1
Author: 骆昊
"""
for i in range(1, 10):
for j in range(1, i + 1):
print('%d*%d=%d' % (i, j, i * j), end='\t')
print()
```
### 判断是不是素数
```
"""
输入一个正整数判断它是不是素数
Version: 0.1
Author: 骆昊
Date: 2018-03-01
"""
from math import sqrt
num = int(input('请输入一个正整数: '))
end = int(sqrt(num))
is_prime = True
for x in range(2, end + 1):
if num % x == 0:
is_prime = False
break
if is_prime and num != 1:
print('%d是素数' % num)
else:
print('%d不是素数' % num)
```
### 打印三角形图案
```
*
**
***
****
*****
```
```
*
**
***
****
*****
```
```
*
***
*****
*******
*********
```
```
"""
打印三角形图案
Version: 0.1
Author: 骆昊
"""
row = int(input('请输入行数: '))
for i in range(row):
for _ in range(i + 1):
print('*', end='')
print()
for i in range(row):
for j in range(row):
if j < row - i - 1:
print(' ', end='')
else:
print('*', end='')
print()
for i in range(row):
for _ in range(row - i - 1):
print(' ', end='')
for _ in range(2 * i + 1):
print('*', end='')
print()
```

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docs/算法/常见算法.md Normal file
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---
id: 常见代码
title: 常见代码
sidebar_position: 3
data: 2022年1月27日
---
## 九九乘法表
```python
"""
输出乘法口诀表(九九表)
Version: 0.1
Author: 骆昊
"""
for i in range(1, 10):
for j in range(1, i + 1):
print('%d*%d=%d' % (i, j, i * j), end='\t')
print()
```
## 判断是不是素数
```python
"""
输入一个正整数判断它是不是素数
Version: 0.1
Author: 骆昊
Date: 2018-03-01
"""
from math import sqrt
num = int(input('请输入一个正整数: '))
end = int(sqrt(num))
is_prime = True
for x in range(2, end + 1):
if num % x == 0:
is_prime = False
break
if is_prime and num != 1:
print('%d是素数' % num)
else:
print('%d不是素数' % num)
```
## 打印三角形图案
```python
*
**
***
****
*****
```
```python
*
**
***
****
*****
```
```python
*
***
*****
*******
*********
```
```python
"""
打印三角形图案
Version: 0.1
Author: 骆昊
"""
row = int(input('请输入行数: '))
for i in range(row):
for _ in range(i + 1):
print('*', end='')
print()
for i in range(row):
for j in range(row):
if j < row - i - 1:
print(' ', end='')
else:
print('*', end='')
print()
for i in range(row):
for _ in range(row - i - 1):
print(' ', end='')
for _ in range(2 * i + 1):
print('*', end='')
print()
```
## 寻找水仙花数
```python
"""
找出所有水仙花数
Version: 0.1
Author: 骆昊
"""
for num in range(100, 1000):
low = num % 10
mid = num // 10 % 10
high = num // 100
if num == low ** 3 + mid ** 3 + high ** 3:
print(num)
```
## 数字反转
```python
"""
正整数的反转
Version: 0.1
Author: 骆昊
"""
num = int(input('num = '))
reversed_num = 0
while num > 0:
reversed_num = reversed_num * 10 + num % 10
num //= 10
print(reversed_num)
```
## 百钱百鸡
```python
"""
《百钱百鸡》问题
Version: 0.1
Author: 骆昊
"""
for x in range(0, 20):
for y in range(0, 33):
z = 100 - x - y
if 5 * x + 3 * y + z / 3 == 100:
print('公鸡: %d只, 母鸡: %d只, 小鸡: %d只' % (x, y, z))
```
## CRAPS赌博游戏
```python
"""
Craps赌博游戏
我们设定玩家开始游戏时有1000元的赌注
游戏结束的条件是玩家输光所有的赌注
Version: 0.1
Author: 骆昊
"""
from random import randint
money = 1000
while money > 0:
print('你的总资产为:', money)
needs_go_on = False
while True:
debt = int(input('请下注: '))
if 0 < debt <= money:
break
first = randint(1, 6) + randint(1, 6)
print('玩家摇出了%d点' % first)
if first == 7 or first == 11:
print('玩家胜!')
money += debt
elif first == 2 or first == 3 or first == 12:
print('庄家胜!')
money -= debt
else:
needs_go_on = True
while needs_go_on:
needs_go_on = False
current = randint(1, 6) + randint(1, 6)
print('玩家摇出了%d点' % current)
if current == 7:
print('庄家胜')
money -= debt
elif current == first:
print('玩家胜')
money += debt
else:
needs_go_on = True
print('你破产了, 游戏结束!')
```