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<p><a href="https://python-poetry.org/" class="external">Poetry<svg aria-hidden="true" class="external-icon" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path d="M320 0H288V64h32 82.7L201.4 265.4 178.7 288 224 333.3l22.6-22.6L448 109.3V192v32h64V192 32 0H480 320zM32 32H0V64 480v32H32 456h32V480 352 320H424v32 96H64V96h96 32V32H160 32z"></path></svg></a> 是一个面向未来的 Python 依赖管理和打包工具,它支持了 Python 社区的 <a href="https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0518/" class="external">PEP 518<svg aria-hidden="true" class="external-icon" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path d="M320 0H288V64h32 82.7L201.4 265.4 178.7 288 224 333.3l22.6-22.6L448 109.3V192v32h64V192 32 0H480 320zM32 32H0V64 480v32H32 456h32V480 352 320H424v32 96H64V96h96 32V32H160 32z"></path></svg></a> 提案里的 pyproject.toml 新标准文件,用以管理我们与 Python 项目有关的内容。它的目的是简化 Python 包管理的过程,使其变得更容易和更可靠。</p>
<p>Poetry 主要由两部分组成:</p>
<ul>
<li>一个命令行工具,用于管理依赖关系和发布包。</li>
<li>一个配置文件pyproject.toml用于描述项目的元数据和依赖关系。</li>
</ul>
<p>Poetry 的一个重要特点是它支持自动生成和维护项目的锁定文件Pipfile.lock锁定文件用于跟踪项目依赖关系的版本号。这样可以保证项目在不同环境中使用相同的依赖关系版本。</p>
<p>Poetry 也支持创建和发布 Python 包,使用 poetry build 命令可以生成可发布的包,使用 poetry publish 命令可以将包发布到 PyPI 上。</p>
<p>总之 poetry 是一个功能强大,简单易用,支持创建和发布包的工具,适合于开发和维护 Python 项目的开发人员使用。它提供了一组简单易用的命令来管理项目的依赖关系,并且支持自动生成和维护项目的锁定文件,保证项目在不同环境中使用相同的依赖关系版本。并且它还支持创建和发布 Python 包,使得开发者可以更加方便地管理项目和发布自己的包。</p>
<h2 id="使用">使用<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#使用" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h2>
<h3 id="1-安装">1. 安装<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#1-安装" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h3>
<p>Poetry 为了避免版本控制混乱,<strong>不推荐使用 pip 安装 poetry。</strong></p>
<h4 id="linux-macos-windows-wsl">Linux, macOS, Windows (WSL)<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#linux-macos-windows-wsl" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">curl</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> -sSL</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> https://install.python-poetry.org</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> |</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> python3</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> -</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<h4 id="windows-powershell">Windows (Powershell)<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#windows-powershell" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<p>如果是通过 Microsoft Store 安装的 Python请将命令中的 py 替换为 python。</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">Invoke-WebRequest</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> -Uri</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> https://install.python-poetry.org</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> -UseBasicParsing</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">)</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">.Content</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> |</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> py</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> -</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<h3 id="2-设置">2. 设置<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#2-设置" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h3>
<p>Poetry 会基于平台安装在特定的目录,如果此目录不在 Path 中需要手动添加路径:</p>
<ul>
<li>MacOS<code>~/Library/Application Support/pypoetry/venv/bin/poetry</code></li>
<li>Linux/Unix<code>~/.local/share/pypoetry/venv/bin/poetry</code></li>
<li>Windows<code>%APPDATA%\pypoetry\venv\Scripts\poetry</code></li>
</ul>
<p>设置完成后,可以使用 <code>poetry --version</code> 命令验证版本。</p>
<h3 id="3-使用">3. 使用<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#3-使用" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h3>
<h4 id="31-项目管理">3.1 项目管理<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#31-项目管理" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<h5 id="新建项目">新建项目<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#新建项目" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h5>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"># 新建 poetry-demo 项目</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">poetry</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> new</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> poetry-demo</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"># 项目目录</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">poetry-demo</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">├──</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> pyproject.toml</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">├──</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> README.md</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">├──</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> poetry_demo</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"></span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> └──</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> __init__.py</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">└──</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> tests</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> └──</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> __init__.py</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"># pyproject.toml</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[tool.poetry]</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> =</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> &quot;poetry-demo&quot;</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">version</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> =</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> &quot;0.1.0&quot;</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">description</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> =</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> &quot;&quot;</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">authors</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> =</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> [</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">&quot;Sébastien Eustace &lt;sebastien@eustace.io>&quot;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">readme</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> =</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> &quot;README.md&quot;</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">packages</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> =</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> [{</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">include</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> =</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> &quot;poetry_demo&quot;}]</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[tool.poetry.dependencies]</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">python</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> =</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> &quot;^3.7&quot;</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[build-system]</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">requires</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> =</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> [</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">&quot;poetry-core&quot;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">build-backend</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> =</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> &quot;poetry.core.masonry.api&quot;</span></span>
<span data-line> </span></code></pre></figure>
<h5 id="初始化项目">初始化项目<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#初始化项目" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h5>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"># 初始化</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">cd</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> pre-existing-project</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">poetry</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> init</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"># 引导创建项目配置</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">······</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<h4 id="32-虚拟环境">3.2 虚拟环境<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#32-虚拟环境" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"># 激活虚拟环境</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">poetry</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> shell</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"># 关闭虚拟环境</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">exit</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">deactivate</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"># 设置 Python 版本</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">poetry</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> env</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> use</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> /full/path/to/python</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">poetry</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> env</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> use</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> python3.7</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">poetry</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> env</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> use</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 3.7</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"># 环境信息</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">poetry</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> env</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> info</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">poetry</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> env</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> list</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"># 删除环境</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">poetry</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> env</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> remove</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> /full/path/to/python</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">poetry</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> env</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> remove</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> python3.7</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">poetry</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> env</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> remove</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 3.7</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"># 删除所有虚拟环境</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">poetry</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> env</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> remove</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> --all</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<h4 id="33-安装依赖">3.3 安装依赖<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#33-安装依赖" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"># 安装依赖</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">poetry</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> install</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"># 添加依赖包</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">poetry</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> add</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> django</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"># 安装依赖指定版本</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">poetry</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> add</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> django@^4.0.0</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">poetry</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> add</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> django@latest</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"># 移除依赖</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">poetry</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> remove</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> django</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"># 更新依赖</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">poetry</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> update</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<h4 id="34-依赖组别">3.4 依赖组别<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#34-依赖组别" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<p>Poetry 提供了一种按组织依赖项的方法。例如,您可能拥有仅用于测试项目或构建文档所需的依赖项。</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"># -D 选项添加到开发组依赖</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">poetry</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> add</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> -D</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> black</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> flake8</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> mypy</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"># -D 选项移除开发组依赖</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">poetry</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> remove</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> -D</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> black</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> flake8</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> mypy</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"># --group 选项添加到指定组</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">poetry</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> add</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> pytest</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> --group</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> test</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<h4 id="35-打包发布">3.5 打包发布<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#35-打包发布" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"># 打包</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">poetry</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> build</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"># 发布 PyPI</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">poetry</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> publish</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"># 设置包源</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">poetry</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> config</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> repositories.foo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> https://pypi.example.org/legacy/</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"># 发布指定包源</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">poetry</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> publish</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> --build</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> --repository</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> foo-pub</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"># 导出 requirements.txt</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">poetry</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> export</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> -o</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> requirements.txt</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"># 不导出 Hash 值</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">poetry</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> export</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> --without-hashes</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"># 导出开发依赖</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">poetry</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> export</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> --without-hashes</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> --dev</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<h4 id="36-依赖包源">3.6 依赖包源<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#36-依赖包源" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"># --default 选项配置默认包源</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">poetry</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> source</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> add</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> --default</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> foo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> https://foo.bar/simple/</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"># --secondary 选项配置辅助包源</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">poetry</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> source</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> add</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> --secondary</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> foo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> https://pypi.example.org/simple/</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"># 配置辅助包源凭证</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">poetry</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> config</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> http-basic.foo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> &lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">usernam</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">e</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">></span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> &lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">passwor</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">d</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">></span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"># 指定包源添加依赖</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">poetry</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> add</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> --source</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> foo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> private-package</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<h3 id="4-命令">4. 命令<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#4-命令" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h3>
<p>poetry 的 <a href="https://python-poetry.org/docs/cli" class="external">常用命令<svg aria-hidden="true" class="external-icon" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path d="M320 0H288V64h32 82.7L201.4 265.4 178.7 288 224 333.3l22.6-22.6L448 109.3V192v32h64V192 32 0H480 320zM32 32H0V64 480v32H32 456h32V480 352 320H424v32 96H64V96h96 32V32H160 32z"></path></svg></a>,完整的命令可以在终端执行 poetry —help 查看。</p>
<div class="table-container"><table><thead><tr><th>命令</th><th>作用</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>new</td><td>创建新项目</td></tr><tr><td>install</td><td>安装项目依赖</td></tr><tr><td>add</td><td>添加项目依赖</td></tr><tr><td>remove</td><td>删除项目依赖</td></tr><tr><td>update</td><td>更新项目依赖</td></tr><tr><td>lock</td><td>生成锁定文件</td></tr><tr><td>build</td><td>构建项目包</td></tr><tr><td>publish</td><td>发布项目包</td></tr><tr><td>env</td><td>管理虚拟环境</td></tr><tr><td>run</td><td>运行项目</td></tr><tr><td>shell</td><td>进入项目环境</td></tr><tr><td>config</td><td>查看或修改配置</td></tr><tr><td>info</td><td>显示项目信息</td></tr><tr><td>check</td><td>检查项目状态</td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<h3 id="5-更新">5. 更新<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#5-更新" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h3>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"># 自动更新</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">poetry</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> self</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> update</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"># 安装预发布版本</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">poetry</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> self</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> update</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> --preview</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"># 安装特定版本</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">poetry</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> self</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> update</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 1.3.0</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<h3 id="6-卸载">6. 卸载<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#6-卸载" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h3>
<p>Poetry 可以通过使用 <code>--uninstall</code> 选项再次运行安装程序,或 <code>POETRY_UNINSTALL</code> 在执行安装程序之前设置环境变量来将它从系统中完全删除。</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">curl</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> -sSL</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> https://install.python-poetry.org</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> |</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> python3</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> -</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> --uninstall</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">curl</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> -sSL</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> https://install.python-poetry.org</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> |</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> POETRY_UNINSTALL</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> python3</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> -</span></span></code></pre></figure></article><hr/><div class="page-footer"></div></div><div class="right sidebar"><div class="graph"><h3>关系图谱</h3><div class="graph-outer"><div id="graph-container" data-cfg="{&quot;drag&quot;:true,&quot;zoom&quot;:true,&quot;depth&quot;:1,&quot;scale&quot;:1.1,&quot;repelForce&quot;:0.5,&quot;centerForce&quot;:0.3,&quot;linkDistance&quot;:30,&quot;fontSize&quot;:0.6,&quot;opacityScale&quot;:1,&quot;showTags&quot;:true,&quot;removeTags&quot;:[],&quot;focusOnHover&quot;:false}"></div><button id="global-graph-icon" aria-label="Global Graph"><svg version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 55 55" fill="currentColor" xml:space="preserve"><path d="M49,0c-3.309,0-6,2.691-6,6c0,1.035,0.263,2.009,0.726,2.86l-9.829,9.829C32.542,17.634,30.846,17,29,17
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