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<html lang="zh"><head><title>5. KVM 存储管理</title><meta charset="utf-8"/><link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com"/><link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com"/><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=IBM Plex Mono&amp;family=Noto Serif Simplified Chinese:wght@400;700&amp;family=Source Sans Pro:ital,wght@0,400;0,600;1,400;1,600&amp;display=swap"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/><meta property="og:title" content="5. KVM 存储管理"/><meta property="og:description" content="本文深入探讨了KVM虚拟化环境中的存储管理，涵盖了磁盘映像文件、逻辑卷管理（LVM）、网络存储（NFS、iSCSI）的配置方法，以及存储池和存储卷的创建与管理。."/><meta property="og:image" content="https://wiki.7wate.com/static/og-image.png"/><meta property="og:width" content="1200"/><meta property="og:height" content="675"/><link rel="icon" href="../../../../static/icon.png"/><meta name="description" content="本文深入探讨了KVM虚拟化环境中的存储管理，涵盖了磁盘映像文件、逻辑卷管理（LVM）、网络存储（NFS、iSCSI）的配置方法，以及存储池和存储卷的创建与管理。."/><meta name="generator" content="Quartz"/><link href="../../../../index.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" spa-preserve/><link href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/KaTeX/0.16.9/katex.min.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" spa-preserve/><script src="../../../../prescript.js" type="application/javascript" spa-preserve></script><script type="application/javascript" spa-preserve>const fetchData = fetch("../../../../static/contentIndex.json").then(data => data.json())</script></head><body data-slug="Technology/OperatingSystem/Virtualization/2.KVM虚拟化/5.-KVM-存储管理"><div id="quartz-root" class="page"><div id="quartz-body"><div class="left sidebar"><h2 class="page-title"><a href="../../../..">🪴 X·Eden</a></h2><div class="spacer mobile-only"></div><div class="search"><button class="search-button" id="search-button"><p>搜索</p><svg role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 19.9 19.7"><title>Search</title><g class="search-path" fill="none"><path stroke-linecap="square" d="M18.5 18.3l-5.4-5.4"></path><circle cx="8" cy="8" r="7"></circle></g></svg></button><div id="search-container"><div id="search-space"><input autocomplete="off" id="search-bar" name="search" type="text" aria-label="搜索些什么" placeholder="搜索些什么"/><div id="search-layout" data-preview="true"></div></div></div></div><button class="darkmode" id="darkmode"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" id="dayIcon" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 35 35" style="enable-background:new 0 0 35 35" xml:space="preserve" aria-label="暗色模式"><title>暗色模式</title><path d="M6,17.5C6,16.672,5.328,16,4.5,16h-3C0.672,16,0,16.672,0,17.5 S0.672,19,1.5,19h3C5.328,19,6,18.328,6,17.5z M7.5,26c-0.414,0-0.789,0.168-1.061,0.439l-2,2C4.168,28.711,4,29.086,4,29.5 C4,30.328,4.671,31,5.5,31c0.414,0,0.789-0.168,1.06-0.44l2-2C8.832,28.289,9,27.914,9,27.5C9,26.672,8.329,26,7.5,26z M17.5,6 C18.329,6,19,5.328,19,4.5v-3C19,0.672,18.329,0,17.5,0S16,0.672,16,1.5v3C16,5.328,16.671,6,17.5,6z M27.5,9 c0.414,0,0.789-0.168,1.06-0.439l2-2C30.832,6.289,31,5.914,31,5.5C31,4.672,30.329,4,29.5,4c-0.414,0-0.789,0.168-1.061,0.44 l-2,2C26.168,6.711,26,7.086,26,7.5C26,8.328,26.671,9,27.5,9z M6.439,8.561C6.711,8.832,7.086,9,7.5,9C8.328,9,9,8.328,9,7.5 c0-0.414-0.168-0.789-0.439-1.061l-2-2C6.289,4.168,5.914,4,5.5,4C4.672,4,4,4.672,4,5.5c0,0.414,0.168,0.789,0.439,1.06 L6.439,8.561z M33.5,16h-3c-0.828,0-1.5,0.672-1.5,1.5s0.672,1.5,1.5,1.5h3c0.828,0,1.5-0.672,1.5-1.5S34.328,16,33.5,16z M28.561,26.439C28.289,26.168,27.914,26,27.5,26c-0.828,0-1.5,0.672-1.5,1.5c0,0.414,0.168,0.789,0.439,1.06l2,2 C28.711,30.832,29.086,31,29.5,31c0.828,0,1.5-0.672,1.5-1.5c0-0.414-0.168-0.789-0.439-1.061L28.561,26.439z M17.5,29 c-0.829,0-1.5,0.672-1.5
<h3 id="存储概念">存储概念<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#存储概念" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h3>
<p>KVM（Kernel-based Virtual Machine）存储是指在 KVM 虚拟化环境中，为虚拟机提供的存储资源。KVM 支持多种存储类型，包括磁盘映像文件、逻辑卷管理（LVM）和网络存储。虚拟机的存储设备可以像物理机的硬盘一样使用，并且可以通过不同的存储格式和协议进行管理和访问。</p>
<h3 id="虚拟机存储类型">虚拟机存储类型<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#虚拟机存储类型" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h3>
<h4 id="磁盘映像文件qcow2-raw">磁盘映像文件（qcow2, raw）<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#磁盘映像文件qcow2-raw" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<div class="table-container"><table><thead><tr><th>类型</th><th>特点</th><th>使用场景</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>qcow2</strong> (QEMU Copy On Write version 2)</td><td>支持动态分配、快照、压缩和加密。磁盘空间在实际使用时才分配，可以节省存储空间。</td><td>适合需要多快照和动态存储分配的环境。</td></tr><tr><td><strong>raw</strong></td><td>不支持快照、压缩和加密，直接映射磁盘数据。性能更高，适合需要最大化性能的场景。</td><td>适合高性能需求和简单存储管理的环境。</td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<h4 id="其他常见磁盘映像文件类型">其他常见磁盘映像文件类型<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#其他常见磁盘映像文件类型" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<div class="table-container"><table><thead><tr><th>类型</th><th>特点</th><th>使用场景</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>qcow</strong> (QEMU Copy On Write)</td><td>qcow2 的前身，支持动态分配和快照，但性能和功能不及 qcow2。</td><td>已有 qcow 格式的旧环境。</td></tr><tr><td><strong>vmdk</strong> (Virtual Machine Disk)</td><td>主要用于 VMware 虚拟机，可以兼容 KVM。支持多种虚拟磁盘格式和快照。</td><td>需要在 KVM 和 VMware 之间进行迁移的环境。</td></tr><tr><td><strong>vdi</strong> (Virtual Disk Image)</td><td>主要用于 Oracle VirtualBox 虚拟机，可以兼容 KVM。支持动态分配和快照。</td><td>需要在 KVM 和 VirtualBox 之间进行迁移的环境。</td></tr><tr><td><strong>vhd/vhdx</strong> (Virtual Hard Disk)</td><td>主要用于 Microsoft Hyper-V 虚拟机，可以兼容 KVM。vhdx 是 vhd 的改进版本，支持更大容量和更高性能。</td><td>需要在 KVM 和 Hyper-V 之间进行迁移的环境。</td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<h4 id="逻辑卷管理lvm">逻辑卷管理（LVM）<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#逻辑卷管理lvm" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<p>逻辑卷管理（LVM）提供灵活的存储管理，可以动态调整逻辑卷大小、快照和卷组管理。性能较高，适合企业级应用和需要高性能、灵活存储管理的环境。</p>
<ol>
<li>
<p>创建物理卷和卷组：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> pvcreate</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> /dev/sdX</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> vgcreate</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> vg_kvm</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> /dev/sdX</span></span></code></pre></figure>
</li>
<li>
<p>创建逻辑卷：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> lvcreate</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> -n</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> lv_myvm</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> -L</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> 20G</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> vg_kvm</span></span></code></pre></figure>
</li>
</ol>
<h4 id="网络存储nfs-iscsi">网络存储（NFS, iSCSI）<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#网络存储nfs-iscsi" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<p>NFS（Network File System）通过网络共享文件系统，适合共享存储和集中存储管理，以及多台虚拟机需要共享同一存储资源的环境。</p>
<p>挂载 NFS 存储：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> mount</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> -t</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> nfs</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> server:/path/to/nfs</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> /mnt/nfs</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<p><strong>iSCSI（Internet Small Computer Systems Interface）</strong>：</p>
<p>通过网络提供块级存储，适合高性能需求的存储应用，以及需要集中管理和高性能存储访问的环境。</p>
<ol>
<li>安装 iSCSI 客户端：</li>
</ol>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> apt</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> install</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> open-iscsi</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> # Ubuntu</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> yum</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> install</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> iscsi-initiator-utils</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> # CentOS/RHEL</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<ol>
<li>发现和登录 iSCSI 目标：</li>
</ol>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> iscsiadm</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> -m</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> discovery</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> -t</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> sendtargets</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> -p</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> &lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">iSCSI_server_I</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">P</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> iscsiadm</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> -m</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> node</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> --login</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<h3 id="配置系统存储支持">配置系统存储支持<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#配置系统存储支持" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h3>
<h4 id="确认存储驱动加载情况">确认存储驱动加载情况<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#确认存储驱动加载情况" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<ol>
<li>
<p><strong>检查存储驱动</strong>：</p>
<p>使用 <code>lsmod</code> 命令检查存储驱动是否加载：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">lsmod</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> |</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> grep</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> -E</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> 'virtio_blk|virtio_scsi'</span></span></code></pre></figure>
</li>
<li>
<p><strong>加载存储驱动</strong>：</p>
<p>如果存储驱动未加载，可以手动加载：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> modprobe</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> virtio_blk</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> modprobe</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> virtio_scsi</span></span></code></pre></figure>
</li>
</ol>
<h4 id="准备存储设备和挂载点">准备存储设备和挂载点<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#准备存储设备和挂载点" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<ol>
<li>
<p><strong>准备本地存储设备</strong>：</p>
<p>分区和格式化存储设备：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> fdisk</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> /dev/sdX</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> mkfs.ext4</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> /dev/sdX1</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<p>创建挂载点并挂载：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> mkdir</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> -p</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> /mnt/kvm_storage</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> mount</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> /dev/sdX1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> /mnt/kvm_storage</span></span></code></pre></figure>
</li>
<li>
<p><strong>准备网络存储设备（NFS 例子）</strong>：</p>
<p>安装 NFS 客户端：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> apt</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> install</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> nfs-common</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> # Ubuntu</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> yum</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> install</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> nfs-utils</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> # CentOS/RHEL</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<p>挂载 NFS 共享：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> mkdir</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> -p</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> /mnt/nfs_storage</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> mount</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> -t</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> nfs</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> server:/path/to/nfs</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> /mnt/nfs_storage</span></span></code></pre></figure>
</li>
<li>
<p><strong>配置自动挂载</strong>：</p>
<p>编辑 <code>/etc/fstab</code> 文件，添加以下内容确保重启后自动挂载：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="text" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="text" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span>/dev/sdX1 /mnt/kvm_storage ext4 defaults 0 2</span></span>
<span data-line><span>server:/path/to/nfs /mnt/nfs_storage nfs defaults 0 0</span></span></code></pre></figure>
</li>
</ol>
<p>通过以上步骤，可以为 KVM 环境配置各种存储支持，包括磁盘映像文件、LVM 和网络存储。确保存储驱动已加载，并准备好存储设备和挂载点，为虚拟机提供可靠的存储资源。</p>
<h2 id="配置存储池">配置存储池<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#配置存储池" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h2>
<h3 id="存储池是什么">存储池是什么<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#存储池是什么" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h3>
<h4 id="存储池的概念">存储池的概念<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#存储池的概念" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<p>存储池（Storage Pool）是 KVM 虚拟化环境中的一种抽象概念，用于管理和组织底层存储资源。存储池可以包含多个存储卷（Storage Volume），每个存储卷对应虚拟机的一个磁盘映像文件、逻辑卷或网络存储块。通过存储池，管理员可以更方便地管理和分配存储资源。</p>
<h4 id="存储池的类型">存储池的类型<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#存储池的类型" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<div class="table-container"><table><thead><tr><th>类型</th><th>特点</th><th>使用场景</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>目录存储池</strong> (Directory Storage Pool)</td><td>使用本地或挂载的目录作为存储池。简单易用，适合中小型部署。</td><td>适合中小型部署。</td></tr><tr><td><strong>逻辑卷存储池</strong> (LVM Storage Pool)</td><td>基于 LVM（Logical Volume Manager）创建和管理逻辑卷。提供灵活的卷管理和快照功能。</td><td>适合企业级部署。</td></tr><tr><td><strong>网络存储池</strong> (Network Storage Pool)</td><td>使用网络存储协议（如 NFS、iSCSI）创建存储池。适合分布式存储和集中存储管理。</td><td>适合分布式存储和集中存储管理。</td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<h3 id="创建和管理目录存储池">创建和管理目录存储池<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#创建和管理目录存储池" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h3>
<h4 id="使用-virsh-创建目录存储池">使用 <code>virsh</code> 创建目录存储池<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#使用-virsh-创建目录存储池" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<ol>
<li>
<p><strong>创建目录存储池</strong>：</p>
<p>创建一个目录存储池的 XML 配置文件，例如 <code>dir-pool.xml</code>：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="xml" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="xml" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">&lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">pool</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> type</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'dir'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> &lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">>dir-pool&lt;/</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> &lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">target</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> &lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">path</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">>/mnt/kvm_storage&lt;/</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">path</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> &lt;/</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">target</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">&lt;/</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">pool</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">></span></span></code></pre></figure>
</li>
<li>
<p><strong>定义并启动存储池</strong>：</p>
<p>使用 <code>virsh</code> 命令定义并启动目录存储池：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> virsh</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> pool-define</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> dir-pool.xml</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> virsh</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> pool-start</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> dir-pool</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> virsh</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> pool-autostart</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> dir-pool</span></span></code></pre></figure>
</li>
</ol>
<h4 id="配置目录存储池">配置目录存储池<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#配置目录存储池" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<ol>
<li>
<p><strong>查看存储池信息</strong>：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> virsh</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> pool-info</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> dir-pool</span></span></code></pre></figure>
</li>
<li>
<p><strong>查看存储池中的存储卷</strong>：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> virsh</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> vol-list</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> dir-pool</span></span></code></pre></figure>
</li>
<li>
<p><strong>创建存储卷</strong>：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> virsh</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> vol-create-as</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> dir-pool</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> volume1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> 10G</span></span></code></pre></figure>
</li>
</ol>
<h3 id="创建和管理逻辑卷存储池">创建和管理逻辑卷存储池<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#创建和管理逻辑卷存储池" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h3>
<h4 id="使用-virsh-创建-lvm-存储池">使用 <code>virsh</code> 创建 LVM 存储池<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#使用-virsh-创建-lvm-存储池" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<ol>
<li>
<p><strong>创建 LVM 存储池</strong>：</p>
<p>创建一个 LVM 存储池的 XML 配置文件，例如 <code>lvm-pool.xml</code>：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="xml" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="xml" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">&lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">pool</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> type</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'logical'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> &lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">>lvm-pool&lt;/</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> &lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">source</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> &lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">device</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> path</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'/dev/vg_kvm'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">/></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> &lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">>vg_kvm&lt;/</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> &lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">format</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> type</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'lvm2'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">/></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> &lt;/</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">source</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> &lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">target</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> &lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">path</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">>/dev/vg_kvm&lt;/</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">path</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> &lt;/</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">target</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">&lt;/</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">pool</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">></span></span></code></pre></figure>
</li>
<li>
<p><strong>定义并启动存储池</strong>：</p>
<p>使用 <code>virsh</code> 命令定义并启动 LVM 存储池：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> virsh</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> pool-define</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> lvm-pool.xml</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> virsh</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> pool-start</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> lvm-pool</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> virsh</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> pool-autostart</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> lvm-pool</span></span></code></pre></figure>
</li>
</ol>
<h4 id="配置-lvm-存储池">配置 LVM 存储池<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#配置-lvm-存储池" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<ol>
<li>
<p><strong>查看存储池信息</strong>：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> virsh</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> pool-info</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> lvm-pool</span></span></code></pre></figure>
</li>
<li>
<p><strong>查看存储池中的存储卷</strong>：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> virsh</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> vol-list</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> lvm-pool</span></span></code></pre></figure>
</li>
<li>
<p><strong>创建存储卷</strong>：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> virsh</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> vol-create-as</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> lvm-pool</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> lv_volume1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> 20G</span></span></code></pre></figure>
</li>
</ol>
<h3 id="创建和管理网络存储池">创建和管理网络存储池<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#创建和管理网络存储池" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h3>
<h4 id="使用-virsh-创建-nfs-存储池">使用 <code>virsh</code> 创建 NFS 存储池<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#使用-virsh-创建-nfs-存储池" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<ol>
<li>
<p><strong>创建 NFS 存储池</strong>：</p>
<p>创建一个 NFS 存储池的 XML 配置文件，例如 <code>nfs-pool.xml</code>：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="xml" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="xml" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">&lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">pool</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> type</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'netfs'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> &lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">>nfs-pool&lt;/</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> &lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">source</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> &lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">host</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'nfs-server'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">/></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> &lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">dir</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> path</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'/path/to/nfs'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">/></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> &lt;/</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">source</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> &lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">target</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> &lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">path</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">>/mnt/nfs_storage&lt;/</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">path</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> &lt;/</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">target</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">&lt;/</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">pool</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">></span></span></code></pre></figure>
</li>
<li>
<p><strong>定义并启动存储池</strong>：</p>
<p>使用 <code>virsh</code> 命令定义并启动 NFS 存储池：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> virsh</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> pool-define</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> nfs-pool.xml</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> virsh</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> pool-start</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> nfs-pool</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> virsh</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> pool-autostart</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> nfs-pool</span></span></code></pre></figure>
</li>
</ol>
<h4 id="使用-virsh-创建-iscsi-存储池">使用 <code>virsh</code> 创建 iSCSI 存储池<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#使用-virsh-创建-iscsi-存储池" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<ol>
<li>
<p><strong>创建 iSCSI 存储池</strong>：</p>
<p>创建一个 iSCSI 存储池的 XML 配置文件，例如 <code>iscsi-pool.xml</code>：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="xml" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="xml" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">&lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">pool</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> type</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'iscsi'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> &lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">>iscsi-pool&lt;/</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> &lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">source</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> &lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">host</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'iscsi-server'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">/></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> &lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">device</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> path</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'/dev/sdX'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">/></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> &lt;/</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">source</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> &lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">target</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> &lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">path</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">>/dev/disk/by-path/&lt;/</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">path</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> &lt;/</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">target</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">&lt;/</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">pool</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">></span></span></code></pre></figure>
</li>
<li>
<p><strong>定义并启动存储池</strong>：</p>
<p>使用 <code>virsh</code> 命令定义并启动 iSCSI 存储池：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> virsh</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> pool-define</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> iscsi-pool.xml</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> virsh</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> pool-start</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> iscsi-pool</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> virsh</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> pool-autostart</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> iscsi-pool</span></span></code></pre></figure>
</li>
</ol>
<h4 id="配置网络存储池">配置网络存储池<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#配置网络存储池" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<ol>
<li>
<p><strong>查看存储池信息</strong>：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> virsh</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> pool-info</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> nfs-pool</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> virsh</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> pool-info</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> iscsi-pool</span></span></code></pre></figure>
</li>
<li>
<p><strong>查看存储池中的存储卷</strong>：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> virsh</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> vol-list</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> nfs-pool</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> virsh</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> vol-list</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> iscsi-pool</span></span></code></pre></figure>
</li>
<li>
<p><strong>创建存储卷</strong>：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> virsh</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> vol-create-as</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> nfs-pool</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> volume1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> 10G</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> virsh</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> vol-create-as</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> iscsi-pool</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> volume2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> 20G</span></span></code></pre></figure>
</li>
</ol>
<h2 id="配置存储卷">配置存储卷<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#配置存储卷" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h2>
<h3 id="存储卷的概念">存储卷的概念<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#存储卷的概念" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h3>
<p>**存储卷（Storage Volume）是存储池（Storage Pool）中的一个逻辑单元，类似于传统文件系统中的文件。**存储卷为虚拟机提供存储空间，用于存储操作系统、应用程序和数据。每个存储卷可以对应一个磁盘映像文件、逻辑卷或网络存储块。通过存储卷，管理员可以灵活管理和分配存储资源。</p>
<h3 id="创建和管理磁盘映像文件">创建和管理磁盘映像文件<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#创建和管理磁盘映像文件" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h3>
<h4 id="使用-virsh-创建磁盘映像文件">使用 <code>virsh</code> 创建磁盘映像文件<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#使用-virsh-创建磁盘映像文件" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<ol>
<li>
<p><strong>创建磁盘映像文件</strong>：</p>
<p>使用 <code>virsh</code> 创建一个磁盘映像文件：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> virsh</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> vol-create-as</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> dir-pool</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> mydisk.qcow2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> 20G</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> --format</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> qcow2</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<p>以上命令将在 <code>dir-pool</code> 存储池中创建一个名为 <code>mydisk.qcow2</code> 的磁盘映像文件，大小为 20GB，格式为 qcow2。</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><strong>查看磁盘映像文件信息</strong>：</p>
<p>查看创建的磁盘映像文件信息：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> virsh</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> vol-info</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> mydisk.qcow2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> --pool</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> dir-pool</span></span></code></pre></figure>
</li>
</ol>
<h4 id="配置磁盘映像文件的大小和格式">配置磁盘映像文件的大小和格式<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#配置磁盘映像文件的大小和格式" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<ol>
<li>
<p><strong>调整磁盘映像文件大小</strong>：</p>
<p>可以使用 <code>qemu-img</code> 工具调整磁盘映像文件的大小：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">qemu-img</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> resize</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> /path/to/mydisk.qcow2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> +10G</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<p>以上命令将 <code>mydisk.qcow2</code> 的大小增加 10GB。</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><strong>转换磁盘映像文件格式</strong>：</p>
<p>可以使用 <code>qemu-img</code> 工具转换磁盘映像文件的格式：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">qemu-img</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> convert</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> -f</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> qcow2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> -O</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> raw</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> /path/to/mydisk.qcow2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> /path/to/mydisk.raw</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<p>以上命令将 <code>mydisk.qcow2</code> 转换为 <code>mydisk.raw</code>，格式从 qcow2 转换为 raw。</p>
</li>
</ol>
<h3 id="创建和管理逻辑卷">创建和管理逻辑卷<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#创建和管理逻辑卷" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h3>
<h4 id="使用-virsh-创建逻辑卷">使用 <code>virsh</code> 创建逻辑卷<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#使用-virsh-创建逻辑卷" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<ol>
<li>
<p><strong>创建逻辑卷</strong>：</p>
<p>使用 <code>virsh</code> 创建一个逻辑卷：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> virsh</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> vol-create-as</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> lvm-pool</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> lv_mydisk</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> 20G</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<p>以上命令将在 <code>lvm-pool</code> 存储池中创建一个名为 <code>lv_mydisk</code> 的逻辑卷，大小为 20GB。</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><strong>查看逻辑卷信息</strong>：</p>
<p>查看创建的逻辑卷信息：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> virsh</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> vol-info</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> lv_mydisk</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> --pool</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> lvm-pool</span></span></code></pre></figure>
</li>
</ol>
<h4 id="配置逻辑卷的大小和格式">配置逻辑卷的大小和格式<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#配置逻辑卷的大小和格式" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<ol>
<li>
<p><strong>调整逻辑卷大小</strong>：</p>
<p>可以使用 <code>lvresize</code> 工具调整逻辑卷的大小：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> lvresize</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> -L</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> +10G</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> /dev/vg_kvm/lv_mydisk</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<p>以上命令将 <code>lv_mydisk</code> 的大小增加 10GB。</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><strong>格式化逻辑卷</strong>：</p>
<p>在使用逻辑卷之前，需要对其进行格式化：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> mkfs.ext4</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> /dev/vg_kvm/lv_mydisk</span></span></code></pre></figure>
</li>
</ol>
<p>通过以上步骤，可以使用 <code>virsh</code> 创建和管理磁盘映像文件和逻辑卷，并灵活配置其大小和格式。这些存储卷为虚拟机提供了可靠和高效的存储解决方案。</p>
<h2 id="虚拟机的存储配置">虚拟机的存储配置<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#虚拟机的存储配置" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h2>
<h3 id="使用-virsh-添加和删除虚拟机磁盘">使用 <code>virsh</code> 添加和删除虚拟机磁盘<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#使用-virsh-添加和删除虚拟机磁盘" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h3>
<p><strong>添加虚拟机磁盘</strong></p>
<ol>
<li>
<p>创建一个新的磁盘映像文件（如果需要）：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> qemu-img</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> create</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> -f</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> qcow2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> /var/lib/libvirt/images/mydisk.qcow2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> 20G</span></span></code></pre></figure>
</li>
<li>
<p>使用 <code>virsh</code> 命令编辑虚拟机的 XML 配置文件：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> virsh</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> edit</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> &lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">vm_nam</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">e</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">></span></span></code></pre></figure>
</li>
<li>
<p>在 <code>&lt;devices></code> 部分中添加以下内容，指定新的磁盘设备：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="xml" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="xml" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">&lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">disk</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> type</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'file'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> device</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'disk'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> &lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">driver</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'qemu'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> type</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'qcow2'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">/></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> &lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">source</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> file</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'/var/lib/libvirt/images/mydisk.qcow2'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">/></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> &lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">target</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> dev</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'vdb'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> bus</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'virtio'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">/></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> &lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">address</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> type</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'pci'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> domain</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'0x0000'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> bus</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'0x00'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> slot</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'0x09'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> function</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'0x0'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">/></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">&lt;/</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">disk</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">></span></span></code></pre></figure>
</li>
<li>
<p>保存并退出编辑器，启动或重启虚拟机以使新磁盘生效：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> virsh</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> start</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> &lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">vm_nam</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">e</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">></span></span></code></pre></figure>
</li>
</ol>
<p><strong>删除虚拟机磁盘</strong></p>
<ol>
<li>
<p>使用 <code>virsh</code> 命令编辑虚拟机的 XML 配置文件：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> virsh</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> edit</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> &lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">vm_nam</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">e</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">></span></span></code></pre></figure>
</li>
<li>
<p>找到需要删除的 <code>&lt;disk></code> 节点，并将其删除：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="xml" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="xml" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">&lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">disk</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> type</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'file'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> device</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'disk'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> &lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">driver</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'qemu'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> type</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'qcow2'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">/></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> &lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">source</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> file</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'/var/lib/libvirt/images/mydisk.qcow2'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">/></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> &lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">target</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> dev</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'vdb'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> bus</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'virtio'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">/></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> &lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">address</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> type</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'pci'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> domain</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'0x0000'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> bus</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'0x00'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> slot</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'0x09'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> function</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'0x0'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">/></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">&lt;/</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">disk</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">></span></span></code></pre></figure>
</li>
<li>
<p>保存并退出编辑器，启动或重启虚拟机以应用更改：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> virsh</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> start</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> &lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">vm_nam</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">e</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">></span></span></code></pre></figure>
</li>
</ol>
<h3 id="virsh-配置虚拟机的启动磁盘"><code>virsh</code> 配置虚拟机的启动磁盘<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#virsh-配置虚拟机的启动磁盘" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h3>
<ol>
<li>
<p>使用 <code>virsh</code> 命令编辑虚拟机的 XML 配置文件：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> virsh</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> edit</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> &lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">vm_nam</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">e</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">></span></span></code></pre></figure>
</li>
<li>
<p>在 <code>&lt;os></code> 部分中，找到 <code>&lt;boot dev='...'></code> 节点并调整顺序。例如，将磁盘设备设为首选启动设备：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="xml" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="xml" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">&lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">os</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> &lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">type</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> arch</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'x86_64'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> machine</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'pc-i440fx-2.9'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">>hvm&lt;/</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">type</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> &lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">boot</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> dev</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'hd'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">/></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> &lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">boot</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> dev</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'cdrom'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">/></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">&lt;/</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">os</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">></span></span></code></pre></figure>
</li>
<li>
<p>保存并退出编辑器，启动或重启虚拟机以应用更改：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> virsh</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> start</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> &lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">vm_nam</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">e</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">></span></span></code></pre></figure>
</li>
</ol>
<h4 id="配置虚拟机-bios-设置">配置虚拟机 BIOS 设置<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#配置虚拟机-bios-设置" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<ol>
<li>
<p>使用 <code>virsh</code> 命令编辑虚拟机的 XML 配置文件：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> virsh</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> edit</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> &lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">vm_nam</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">e</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">></span></span></code></pre></figure>
</li>
<li>
<p>在 <code>&lt;os></code> 部分中，添加或修改 <code>&lt;bios></code> 节点。例如，启用 BIOS 引导菜单：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="xml" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="xml" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">&lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">os</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> &lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">type</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> arch</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'x86_64'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> machine</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'pc-i440fx-2.9'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">>hvm&lt;/</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">type</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> &lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">loader</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> readonly</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'yes'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> type</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'pflash'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">>/usr/share/OVMF/OVMF_CODE.fd&lt;/</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">loader</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> &lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">nvram</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">>/var/lib/libvirt/qemu/nvram/&lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">vm_name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">>.fd&lt;/</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">nvram</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> &lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">bootmenu</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> enable</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'yes'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">/></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">&lt;/</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">os</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">></span></span></code></pre></figure>
</li>
<li>
<p>保存并退出编辑器，启动或重启虚拟机以应用更改：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> virsh</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> start</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> &lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">vm_nam</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">e</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">></span></span></code></pre></figure>
</li>
</ol>
<h2 id="高级存储管理">高级存储管理<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#高级存储管理" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h2>
<h3 id="快照管理">快照管理<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#快照管理" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h3>
<h4 id="创建和管理磁盘快照">创建和管理磁盘快照<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#创建和管理磁盘快照" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<p>快照是虚拟机在某一时刻的状态，包括虚拟机的磁盘和内存状态。通过快照，您可以在需要时恢复虚拟机到之前的状态。</p>
<p><strong>创建磁盘快照</strong></p>
<p>使用 <code>virsh</code> 创建磁盘快照：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> virsh</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> snapshot-create-as</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> &lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">vm_nam</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">e</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">></span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> &lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">snapshot_nam</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">e</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">></span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> --disk-only</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> --atomic</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<p>以上命令创建一个仅包含磁盘状态的快照。</p>
<p><strong>管理磁盘快照</strong></p>
<p>使用 <code>virsh</code> 列出所有快照：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> virsh</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> snapshot-list</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> &lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">vm_nam</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">e</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">></span></span></code></pre></figure>
<p><strong>恢复快照</strong></p>
<p>使用 <code>virsh</code> 恢复快照：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> virsh</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> snapshot-revert</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> &lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">vm_nam</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">e</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">></span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> &lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">snapshot_nam</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">e</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">></span></span></code></pre></figure>
<h4 id="扩展存储池容量">扩展存储池容量<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#扩展存储池容量" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<p><strong>扩展目录存储池</strong></p>
<p>确保文件系统有足够的空间，然后直接添加更多存储卷到目录存储池即可。</p>
<p><strong>扩展 LVM 存储池</strong></p>
<ol>
<li>
<p>添加新的物理卷到卷组：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> pvcreate</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> /dev/sdX</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> vgextend</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> vg_kvm</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> /dev/sdX</span></span></code></pre></figure>
</li>
<li>
<p>更新存储池配置：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> virsh</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> pool-refresh</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> lvm-pool</span></span></code></pre></figure>
</li>
</ol>
<p><strong>扩展网络存储池</strong></p>
<p>对于 NFS 和 iSCSI，直接在网络存储服务器上扩展存储容量，然后刷新存储池即可。</p>
<h4 id="缩减存储池容量">缩减存储池容量<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#缩减存储池容量" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<p><strong>缩减 LVM 存储池</strong></p>
<ol>
<li>
<p>移动逻辑卷中的数据到其他物理卷：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> pvmove</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> /dev/sdX</span></span></code></pre></figure>
</li>
<li>
<p>移除物理卷并减少卷组大小：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> vgreduce</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> vg_kvm</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> /dev/sdX</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> pvremove</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> /dev/sdX</span></span></code></pre></figure>
</li>
</ol>
<p><strong>缩减目录存储池和网络存储池</strong></p>
<p>一般不直接缩减这些存储池，建议清理不需要的存储卷以释放空间。</p>
<h3 id="磁盘镜像和克隆">磁盘镜像和克隆<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#磁盘镜像和克隆" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h3>
<h4 id="创建磁盘镜像">创建磁盘镜像<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#创建磁盘镜像" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<p><strong>创建磁盘镜像</strong></p>
<p>使用 <code>qemu-img</code> 创建磁盘镜像：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">qemu-img</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> create</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> -f</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> qcow2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> /var/lib/libvirt/images/mydisk.qcow2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> 20G</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<p><strong>转换磁盘镜像格式</strong></p>
<p>使用 <code>qemu-img</code> 转换磁盘镜像格式：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">qemu-img</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> convert</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> -f</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> qcow2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> -O</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> raw</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> /path/to/mydisk.qcow2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> /path/to/mydisk.raw</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<h4 id="克隆虚拟机磁盘">克隆虚拟机磁盘<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#克隆虚拟机磁盘" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<ol>
<li>
<p>使用 <code>qemu-img</code> 克隆磁盘映像：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">qemu-img</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> create</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> -f</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> qcow2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> -b</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> /var/lib/libvirt/images/source-disk.qcow2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> /var/lib/libvirt/images/clone-disk.qcow2</span></span></code></pre></figure>
</li>
<li>
<p>使用 <code>virsh</code> 定义新的虚拟机，并指定克隆的磁盘映像：</p>
<p>创建虚拟机 XML 文件：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="xml" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="xml" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">&lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">domain</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> type</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'kvm'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> &lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">>clone-vm&lt;/</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> &lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">memory</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> unit</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'KiB'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">>1048576&lt;/</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">memory</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> &lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">vcpu</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> placement</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'static'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">>1&lt;/</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">vcpu</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> &lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">os</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> &lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">type</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> arch</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'x86_64'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> machine</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'pc-i440fx-2.9'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">>hvm&lt;/</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">type</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> &lt;/</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">os</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> &lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">devices</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> &lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">disk</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> type</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'file'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> device</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'disk'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> &lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">driver</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'qemu'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> type</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'qcow2'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">/></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> &lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">source</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> file</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'/var/lib/libvirt/images/clone-disk.qcow2'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">/></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> &lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">target</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> dev</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'vda'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> bus</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'virtio'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">/></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> &lt;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">address</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> type</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'pci'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> domain</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'0x0000'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> bus</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'0x00'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> slot</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'0x04'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> function</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'0x0'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">/></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> &lt;/</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">disk</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> &lt;/</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">devices</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">></span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">&lt;/</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">domain</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">></span></span></code></pre></figure>
</li>
<li>
<p>使用 <code>virsh</code> 定义并启动新的虚拟机：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> virsh</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> define</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> /path/to/clone-vm.xml</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> virsh</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> start</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> clone-vm</span></span></code></pre></figure>
</li>
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