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<html lang="zh"><head><title>电脑坏了,我换了 Ubuntu</title><meta charset="utf-8"/><link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com"/><link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com"/><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=IBM Plex Mono&family=Noto Serif Simplified Chinese:wght@400;700&family=Source Sans Pro:ital,wght@0,400;0,600;1,400;1,600&display=swap"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/><meta property="og:title" content="电脑坏了,我换了 Ubuntu"/><meta property="og:description" content="一篇分享从 Windows 切换到 Ubuntu 的心路历程。."/><meta property="og:image" content="https://wiki.7wate.com/static/og-image.png"/><meta property="og:width" content="1200"/><meta property="og:height" content="675"/><link rel="icon" href="../../../static/icon.png"/><meta name="description" content="一篇分享从 Windows 切换到 Ubuntu 的心路历程。."/><meta name="generator" content="Quartz"/><link href="../../../index.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" spa-preserve/><link href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/KaTeX/0.16.9/katex.min.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" spa-preserve/><script src="../../../prescript.js" type="application/javascript" spa-preserve></script><script type="application/javascript" spa-preserve>const fetchData = fetch("../../../static/contentIndex.json").then(data => data.json())</script></head><body data-slug="Personal/Blog/2023/电脑坏了,我换了-Ubuntu"><div id="quartz-root" class="page"><div id="quartz-body"><div class="left sidebar"><h2 class="page-title"><a href="../../..">🪴 X·Eden</a></h2><div class="spacer mobile-only"></div><div class="search"><button class="search-button" id="search-button"><p>搜索</p><svg role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 19.9 19.7"><title>Search</title><g class="search-path" fill="none"><path stroke-linecap="square" d="M18.5 18.3l-5.4-5.4"></path><circle cx="8" cy="8" r="7"></circle></g></svg></button><div id="search-container"><div id="search-space"><input autocomplete="off" id="search-bar" name="search" type="text" aria-label="搜索些什么" placeholder="搜索些什么"/><div id="search-layout" data-preview="true"></div></div></div></div><button class="darkmode" id="darkmode"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" id="dayIcon" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 35 35" style="enable-background:new 0 0 35 35" xml:space="preserve" aria-label="暗色模式"><title>暗色模式</title><path d="M6,17.5C6,16.672,5.328,16,4.5,16h-3C0.672,16,0,16.672,0,17.5 S0.672,19,1.5,19h3C5.328,19,6,18.328,6,17.5z M7.5,26c-0.414,0-0.789,0.168-1.061,0.439l-2,2C4.168,28.711,4,29.086,4,29.5 C4,30.328,4.671,31,5.5,31c0.414,0,0.789-0.168,1.06-0.44l2-2C8.832,28.289,9,27.914,9,27.5C9,26.672,8.329,26,7.5,26z M17.5,6 C18.329,6,19,5.328,19,4.5v-3C19,0.672,18.329,0,17.5,0S16,0.672,16,1.5v3C16,5.328,16.671,6,17.5,6z M27.5,9 c0.414,0,0.789-0.168,1.06-0.439l2-2C30.832,6.289,31,5.914,31,5.5C31,4.672,30.329,4,29.5,4c-0.414,0-0.789,0.168-1.061,0.44 l-2,2C26.168,6.711,26,7.086,26,7.5C26,8.328,26.671,9,27.5,9z M6.439,8.561C6.711,8.832,7.086,9,7.5,9C8.328,9,9,8.328,9,7.5 c0-0.414-0.168-0.789-0.439-1.061l-2-2C6.289,4.168,5.914,4,5.5,4C4.672,4,4,4.672,4,5.5c0,0.414,0.168,0.789,0.439,1.06 L6.439,8.561z M33.5,16h-3c-0.828,0-1.5,0.672-1.5,1.5s0.672,1.5,1.5,1.5h3c0.828,0,1.5-0.672,1.5-1.5S34.328,16,33.5,16z M28.561,26.439C28.289,26.168,27.914,26,27.5,26c-0.828,0-1.5,0.672-1.5,1.5c0,0.414,0.168,0.789,0.439,1.06l2,2 C28.711,30.832,29.086,31,29.5,31c0.828,0,1.5-0.672,1.5-1.5c0-0.414-0.168-0.789-0.439-1.061L28.561,26.439z M17.5,29 c-0.829,0-1.5,0.672-1.5,1.5v3c0,0.828,0.671,1.5,1.5,1.5s1.5-0.672,1.5-1.5v-3C19,29.672,18.329,29,17.5,29z M17.5,7 C11.71,7,7,11.71,7,17.5S11.71,28,17.5,28S28,23.29,28,17.5S23.29,7,17.5,7z M17.5,25c-4.136,0-7.5-3.364-7.5-7.5 c0-4.136,3.364-7.5,7.5-7.5c4.136,0,7.5,3.364,7.5,7.5C25,21.636,21.636,25,17.5,25z"></path></svg><svg xmlns="http://w
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<p>想想以前,我总是特别爱重装系统,现在真的懒得折腾了。对于 Windows 11 也不太想用,而 Windows 12 似乎还很远。所幸就圆了自己曾将想用 Linux 的梦。</p>
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<p>不得不说,现在的 Linux 桌面生态确实与过去大不相同。</p>
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<p>我也犹豫过 Linux 众多发行版本选哪个,不过最终还是坚定的选择了 Ubuntu。我也推荐一个 <a href="https://distrochooser.de/zh-hans" class="external">distrochooser.de<svg aria-hidden="true" class="external-icon" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path d="M320 0H288V64h32 82.7L201.4 265.4 178.7 288 224 333.3l22.6-22.6L448 109.3V192v32h64V192 32 0H480 320zM32 32H0V64 480v32H32 456h32V480 352 320H424v32 96H64V96h96 32V32H160 32z"></path></svg></a> 网站,可以帮助你结合自己需求选择最合适的发行版本。</p>
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<h2 id="第一个坑关于电脑硬件驱动的问题">第一个坑:关于电脑硬件驱动的问题<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#第一个坑关于电脑硬件驱动的问题" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h2>
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<p>这个是一定要清楚的,虽然 Linux 是开源的,但一些硬件驱动却是闭源的。如果你的电脑硬件比较新,而你选择了 debian,折腾起来会有些许麻烦。甚至有些硬件例如 Windows 的指纹解锁和 LED 发光键盘可能根本没有驱动。</p>
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<p><img src="https://static.7wate.com/img/2023/09/28/881811002c1ce.png" alt="Ubuntu 驱动"/></p>
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<p>在这方面,Ubuntu 做得非常好,系统自带的 <code>ubuntu-drivers</code> 能够傻瓜式安装驱动。</p>
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<h2 id="第二个坑关于更新频率的问题">第二个坑:关于更新频率的问题<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#第二个坑关于更新频率的问题" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h2>
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<p><img src="https://static.7wate.com/img/2023/09/28/ad3f9ace9a2c1.png" alt="Ubuntu 更新"/></p>
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<p>在使用了将近十年的笔记本后,它在不久前因为过热而停止运作,机械硬盘也出现了问题。虽然我还有一块装有系统的固态硬盘,但 Windows 系统却崩溃了,许多软件也无法打开。尽管这台笔记本已经快十年了,但它的 32GB 内存和 1TB 固态硬盘仍然非常强劲。然而,在日常的开发工作中,我常常需要使用 Docker、WSL 以及 Jetbrains 的全家桶,即便如此,32GB 的内存在 Windows 系统下仍然感觉不够用,经常会用满……</p>
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<p>回想起以前,我总是喜欢重新安装系统,但现在真的感觉懒得折腾了。对于 Windows 11 我并不太感兴趣,而 Windows 12 似乎还遥不可及。幸运的是,这让我终于实现了使用 Linux 的梦想。不得不说,现在的 Linux 桌面生态确实与过去大不相同。</p>
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<p>在选择 Linux 的众多发行版本时,我也曾犹豫不决,但最终还是坚定地选择了 Ubuntu。同时,我也想推荐一个网站 <a href="https://distrochooser.de/zh-hans" class="external">distrochooser.de<svg aria-hidden="true" class="external-icon" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path d="M320 0H288V64h32 82.7L201.4 265.4 178.7 288 224 333.3l22.6-22.6L448 109.3V192v32h64V192 32 0H480 320zM32 32H0V64 480v32H32 456h32V480 352 320H424v32 96H64V96h96 32V32H160 32z"></path></svg></a>,它可以帮助你根据自己的需求选择最合适的发行版本。</p>
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<h2 id="第一个挑战电脑硬件驱动的问题">第一个挑战:电脑硬件驱动的问题<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#第一个挑战电脑硬件驱动的问题" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h2>
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<p>这是一个必须要清楚的问题。虽然 Linux 是开源的,但一些硬件驱动却是闭源的。如果你的电脑硬件比较新,而你选择了 debian,可能会遇到一些麻烦。甚至有些硬件例如 Windows 的指纹解锁和 LED 发光键盘可能根本没有驱动。</p>
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<p><img src="https://static.7wate.com/img/2023/09/28/881811002c1ce.png" alt="Ubuntu 驱动"/></p>
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<p>在这方面,Ubuntu 做得非常好,系统自带的 <code>ubuntu-drivers</code> 能够傻瓜式安装驱动。</p>
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<h2 id="第二个挑战更新频率的问题">第二个挑战:更新频率的问题<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#第二个挑战更新频率的问题" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h2>
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<p><img src="https://static.7wate.com/img/2023/09/28/ad3f9ace9a2c1.png" alt="Ubuntu 更新"/></p>
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<p>Linux 的发行版本众多,更新频率主要分为两种:定期更新和滚动更新。它不会像 Windows 那样强制要求更新,选择权完全在你。但是,你必须学会使用 sudo 而非默认使用 root,这样在大多数情况下就不会出问题。</p>
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<p>毕竟 Linux 可是出了名的稳定!</p>
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<h2 id="第三个坑关于桌面环境的问题">第三个坑:关于桌面环境的问题<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#第三个坑关于桌面环境的问题" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h2>
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<p><img src="https://static.7wate.com/img/2023/09/28/1024df0087ce9.png" alt="三台显示器"/></p>
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<p>在 Linux 中,一切都是文件,桌面运行环境也只是一个软件包。可以根据自己的喜好选择喜欢的桌面环境,不必再担心内存占用的问题。毕竟现在是 2023 年了,你的电脑不会连 8GB 运行内存都没有吧?</p>
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<h2 id="第四个坑关于软件生态的问题">第四个坑:关于软件生态的问题<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#第四个坑关于软件生态的问题" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h2>
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<p>这是一个非常重要的问题。首先,我们可以将软件生态分为国内和国外两种情况。从我的主观感受来看,国外的主流软件有 90% 都有 Linux 客户端,而国内的主流软件只有 40% 有 Linux 客户端。不过,针对国内的特殊情况,deepin 结合 wine 适配了 90% 的国内主流软件,虽然使用起来有些不足,但基本上已经够用了。</p>
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<p>接下来,只需要使用以下两种方法,你就可以解决 80% 的常用软件问题。</p>
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<ul>
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<li><a href="https://github.com/zq1997/deepin-wine" class="external">deepin-wine<svg aria-hidden="true" class="external-icon" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path d="M320 0H288V64h32 82.7L201.4 265.4 178.7 288 224 333.3l22.6-22.6L448 109.3V192v32h64V192 32 0H480 320zM32 32H0V64 480v32H32 456h32V480 352 320H424v32 96H64V96h96 32V32H160 32z"></path></svg></a>:Debian/Ubuntu 上最快的 QQ/微信安装方式,作者提供了简单,快捷的使用 deepin 的 wine 应用方法。</li>
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<li><a href="https://flathub.org/zh-Hans" class="external">Flathub<svg aria-hidden="true" class="external-icon" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path d="M320 0H288V64h32 82.7L201.4 265.4 178.7 288 224 333.3l22.6-22.6L448 109.3V192v32h64V192 32 0H480 320zM32 32H0V64 480v32H32 456h32V480 352 320H424v32 96H64V96h96 32V32H160 32z"></path></svg></a>:一个开源的应用程序分发平台,旨在为 Linux 操作系统提供简便的软件安装和更新方式。它基于 Flatpak 技术,Flatpak 是一种容器化的应用程序打包和分发格式,可以在不同的 Linux 发行版上运行。</li>
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</ul>
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<h2 id="第五个坑关于打游戏的问题">第五个坑:关于打游戏的问题<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#第五个坑关于打游戏的问题" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h2>
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<p><img src="https://static.7wate.com/img/2023/09/28/5bb7195bb0125.png" alt="Steam"/></p>
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<p>也许,你可能还想玩游戏,比如玩玩《饥荒》、《缺氧》或是一些 3A 大作。没关系,安装了 Linux 并不意味着你必须放弃游戏,Steam 已经为你准备好了一切。</p>
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<h2 id="心得体会">心得体会<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#心得体会" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h2>
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<p>说实话,从多年的 Windows 切换到 Ubuntu,阵痛感确实非常强烈。一开始使用时,很多地方都感觉不舒服,特别是一些小细节的折腾会让你感觉发狂,例如输入法和显卡驱动的问题。但是,一旦你度过了这个阵痛期,你会发现一切都变得非常舒适,简直是完美!</p>
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<p>首先,老笔记本又焕发了新生,32GB 的内存根本用不完。各种开发工具只需要一个 <code>apt install</code> 命令就能安装,系统运行非常流畅,特别是字体渲染,Windows 字体优化的跟 💩 一样。</p>
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<p>然而,Ubuntu 在很多细节上还是不如 Windows 和 Mac。我也使用 Mac,Mac 的体验确实非常好,但高配置的 Mac 对于我的荷包来说实在是太贵了,而且内存的价格简直比黄金还贵。</p>
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<p>不过,作为开发者的神器,Mac 的地位是毋庸置疑的,Linux 还需要时间来追赶。</p>
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<p>🥰🥰🥰 多尝试总归是好的。对了,中秋节快乐 ~</p></article><hr/><div class="page-footer"></div></div><div class="right sidebar"><div class="graph"><h3>关系图谱</h3><div class="graph-outer"><div id="graph-container" data-cfg="{"drag":true,"zoom":true,"depth":1,"scale":1.1,"repelForce":0.5,"centerForce":0.3,"linkDistance":30,"fontSize":0.6,"opacityScale":1,"showTags":true,"removeTags":[],"focusOnHover":false}"></div><button id="global-graph-icon" aria-label="Global Graph"><svg version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 55 55" fill="currentColor" xml:space="preserve"><path d="M49,0c-3.309,0-6,2.691-6,6c0,1.035,0.263,2.009,0.726,2.86l-9.829,9.829C32.542,17.634,30.846,17,29,17
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