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<html lang="zh"><head><title>发展历史</title><meta charset="utf-8"/><link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com"/><link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com"/><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=IBM Plex Mono&family=Noto Serif Simplified Chinese:wght@400;700&family=Source Sans Pro:ital,wght@0,400;0,600;1,400;1,600&display=swap"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/><meta property="og:title" content="发展历史"/><meta property="og:description" content="Python的历史由来."/><meta property="og:image" content="https://wiki.7wate.com/static/og-image.png"/><meta property="og:width" content="1200"/><meta property="og:height" content="675"/><link rel="icon" href="../../../../static/icon.png"/><meta name="description" content="Python的历史由来."/><meta name="generator" content="Quartz"/><link href="../../../../index.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" spa-preserve/><link href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/KaTeX/0.16.9/katex.min.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" spa-preserve/><script src="../../../../prescript.js" type="application/javascript" spa-preserve></script><script type="application/javascript" spa-preserve>const fetchData = fetch("../../../../static/contentIndex.json").then(data => data.json())</script></head><body data-slug="Technology/ProgrammingLanguage/Python/文化/发展历史"><div id="quartz-root" class="page"><div id="quartz-body"><div class="left sidebar"><h2 class="page-title"><a href="../../../..">🪴 X·Eden</a></h2><div class="spacer mobile-only"></div><div class="search"><button class="search-button" id="search-button"><p>搜索</p><svg role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 19.9 19.7"><title>Search</title><g class="search-path" fill="none"><path stroke-linecap="square" d="M18.5 18.3l-5.4-5.4"></path><circle cx="8" cy="8" r="7"></circle></g></svg></button><div id="search-container"><div id="search-space"><input autocomplete="off" id="search-bar" name="search" type="text" aria-label="搜索些什么" placeholder="搜索些什么"/><div id="search-layout" data-preview="true"></div></div></div></div><button class="darkmode" id="darkmode"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" id="dayIcon" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 35 35" style="enable-background:new 0 0 35 35" xml:space="preserve" aria-label="暗色模式"><title>暗色模式</title><path d="M6,17.5C6,16.672,5.328,16,4.5,16h-3C0.672,16,0,16.672,0,17.5 S0.672,19,1.5,19h3C5.328,19,6,18.328,6,17.5z M7.5,26c-0.414,0-0.789,0.168-1.061,0.439l-2,2C4.168,28.711,4,29.086,4,29.5 C4,30.328,4.671,31,5.5,31c0.414,0,0.789-0.168,1.06-0.44l2-2C8.832,28.289,9,27.914,9,27.5C9,26.672,8.329,26,7.5,26z M17.5,6 C18.329,6,19,5.328,19,4.5v-3C19,0.672,18.329,0,17.5,0S16,0.672,16,1.5v3C16,5.328,16.671,6,17.5,6z M27.5,9 c0.414,0,0.789-0.168,1.06-0.439l2-2C30.832,6.289,31,5.914,31,5.5C31,4.672,30.329,4,29.5,4c-0.414,0-0.789,0.168-1.061,0.44 l-2,2C26.168,6.711,26,7.086,26,7.5C26,8.328,26.671,9,27.5,9z M6.439,8.561C6.711,8.832,7.086,9,7.5,9C8.328,9,9,8.328,9,7.5 c0-0.414-0.168-0.789-0.439-1.061l-2-2C6.289,4.168,5.914,4,5.5,4C4.672,4,4,4.672,4,5.5c0,0.414,0.168,0.789,0.439,1.06 L6.439,8.561z M33.5,16h-3c-0.828,0-1.5,0.672-1.5,1.5s0.672,1.5,1.5,1.5h3c0.828,0,1.5-0.672,1.5-1.5S34.328,16,33.5,16z M28.561,26.439C28.289,26.168,27.914,26,27.5,26c-0.828,0-1.5,0.672-1.5,1.5c0,0.414,0.168,0.789,0.439,1.06l2,2 C28.711,30.832,29.086,31,29.5,31c0.828,0,1.5-0.672,1.5-1.5c0-0.414-0.168-0.789-0.439-1.061L28.561,26.439z M17.5,29 c-0.829,0-1.5,0.672-1.5,1.5v3c0,0.828,0.671,1.5,1.5,1.5s1.5-0.672,1.5-1.5v-3C19,29.672,18.329,29,17.5,29z M17.5,7 C11.71,7,7,11.71,7,17.5S11.71,28,17.5,28S28,23.29,28,17.5S23.29,7,17.5,7z M17.5,25c-4.136,0-7.5-3.364-7.5-7.5 c0-4.136,3.364-7.5,7.5-7.5c4.136,0,7.5,3.364,7.5,7.5C25,21.636,21.636,25,17.5,25z"></path></svg><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" id="nightIcon"
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<p>Python 之父<strong>吉多·范罗苏姆</strong>（荷兰人 Guido van Rossum）于 1982 年从阿姆斯特丹大学取得了数学和计算机硕士学位。后来他在多个研究机构工作，包括在荷兰阿姆斯特丹的国家数学和计算机科学研究学会，在马里兰州 Gaithersburg 的国家标准暨技术研究院，和维珍尼亚州 Reston 的国家创新研究公司。</p>
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<p>20 世纪 80 年代中期，Python 之父 Guido van Rossum 还在 CWI（数学和理论计算机科学领域的研究中心，位于阿姆斯特丹）为 ABC 语言贡献代码。ABC 语言是一个为编程初学者打造的研究项目。ABC 语言给了 Python 之父 Guido 很大影响，**Python 从 ABC 语言中继承了很多东西：比如字符串、列表和字节数列都支持索引、切片排序和拼接操作。**在 CWI 工作了一段时间后，Guido 构思了一门致力于解决问题的编程语言，他觉得现有的编程语言对非计算机专业的人十分不友好。</p>
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<p>于是 1989 年 12 月份，为了打发无聊的圣诞节假期，Guido 开始写 Python 的第一个版本。值得一提的是 Python 这个名字的由来，**Python 有蟒蛇的意思，但 Guido 起这个名字完全和蟒蛇没有关系。**当 Guido 在实现 Python 的时候，他还阅读了 Monty Python’s Flying Circus 的剧本，这是来自一部来自 20 世纪 70 年代的 BBC 喜剧。Guido 认为他需要一个简短、独特且略显神秘的名字，因此他决定将该语言称为 Python。</p>
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<p>在 1991 年 2 月，范罗苏姆在 alt.sources 上发布了最初代码（标记为版本 0.9.0），这时就已经存在了带继承的类、异常处理、函数和核心数据类型 list、dict、str 等。在这个最初发行中就有了从 Modula-3 引进的模块系统，它的异常模型也类似于 Modula-3。</p>
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<p>在 <strong>1994 年 1 月 Python 达到了版本 1.0</strong>。这个发行版主要新特征是包括了由 Amrit Prem 提供的函数式编程工具 lambda、map、filter 和 reduce。Python 1.4 增加了受 Modula-3 启发的关键字参数，和对复数的内建支持，还包含了采取名字修饰的一种基本形式的数据隐藏。</p>
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<p><strong>Python 2.0 于 2000 年 10 月 16 日发布</strong>，介入了列表推导式，这是从函数式编程语言 SETL 和 Haskell 中引入的。它还向垃圾收集系统增加了环检测算法，并且支持 Unicode。Python 2.1 支持了嵌套作用域，就像其他静态作用域语言一样。Python 2.2 的重大革新是将 Python 的类型（用 C 写成）和类（用 Python 写成）统一入一个层级，使得 Python 的对象模型成为纯粹和一致的面向对象的模型；还增加了迭代器，受 CLU 和 Icon 启发的生成器和描述器协议。Python 2.4 加入了集合数据类型，和函数修饰器。Python 2.5 加入了 with 语句。</p>
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<p>**Python 3.0 于 2008 年 12 月 3 日发布，它对语言做了较大修订而不能完全后向兼容。**Python 3 发行包括了 2 to 3 实用工具，它（至少部分的）自动将 Python 2 代码转换成 Python 3 代码。Python 3 的很多新特性后来也被移植到旧的 Python 2.6/2.7 版本中。</p>
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<p>罗苏姆作为 Python 的主要开发者，独自担负这个项目的发展决策者职责，直到 2018 年 7 月 12 日，他宣布从终身仁慈独裁者（BDFL）的职权上“永久休假”。他在 2019 年 1 月至 11 月参与了第一届五人掌控委员会继续领导项目发展。在 2021 年 12 月，活跃的 Python 核心开发者选举 Pablo Galindo Salgado、Petr Viktorin、Thomas Wouters、Gregory P. Smith 和 Brett Cannon 为 2022 年度《掌控委员会》的五位成员来领导这个项目。</p>
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<blockquote>
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<p>来源：<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Python#%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2" class="external">Python - 维基百科，自由的百科全书<svg aria-hidden="true" class="external-icon" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path d="M320 0H288V64h32 82.7L201.4 265.4 178.7 288 224 333.3l22.6-22.6L448 109.3V192v32h64V192 32 0H480 320zM32 32H0V64 480v32H32 456h32V480 352 320H424v32 96H64V96h96 32V32H160 32z"></path></svg></a>；非商业引用，著作权归作者所有。</p>
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