301 lines
466 KiB
HTML
301 lines
466 KiB
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<html><head><title>标点符号</title><meta charSet="utf-8"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/><meta property="og:title" content="标点符号"/><meta property="og:description" content="本文详细介绍了中文标点符号的规范使用，包括句号、逗号、顿号等，并讨论了中英文混用时的标点规则。."/><meta property="og:image" content="https://wiki.7wate.com/static/og-image.png"/><meta property="og:width" content="1200"/><meta property="og:height" content="675"/><link rel="icon" href="../../../static/icon.png"/><meta name="description" content="本文详细介绍了中文标点符号的规范使用，包括句号、逗号、顿号等，并讨论了中英文混用时的标点规则。."/><meta name="generator" content="Quartz"/><link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com"/><link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com"/><script async src="https://umami.7wate.com/script.js" data-website-id="c061efdc-95dd-4d21-9d04-a1ffda0a85b9"></script><script>
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<h3 id="句号">句号「。」<a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#句号" class="internal"> §</a></h3>
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<p>句号用于标示一句话的结束。在 Markdown 中，句号的使用和平常无异。</p>
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<blockquote>
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<p>这是一个句子。</p>
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</blockquote>
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<h3 id="逗号">逗号「，」<a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#逗号" class="internal"> §</a></h3>
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<p>逗号用于在句子中创建停顿，分隔句子的不同部分。</p>
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<blockquote>
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<p>我需要，苹果，香蕉，和橙子。</p>
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</blockquote>
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<h3 id="顿号">顿号「、」<a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#顿号" class="internal"> §</a></h3>
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<p>顿号用于列举或枚举同类事物。</p>
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<blockquote>
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<p>我需要苹果、香蕉、和橙子。</p>
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</blockquote>
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<h3 id="分号">分号「；」<a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#分号" class="internal"> §</a></h3>
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<p>分号用于连接两个相关的句子。</p>
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<blockquote>
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<p>我喜欢苹果；我也喜欢香蕉。</p>
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</blockquote>
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<h3 id="冒号">冒号「：」<a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#冒号" class="internal"> §</a></h3>
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<p>冒号用于引出说明或解释，或引出直接引语。</p>
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<blockquote>
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<p>注：这是一句解释性的话。</p>
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</blockquote>
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<h3 id="引号--">引号「“ ”，‘ ’」<a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#引号--" class="internal"> §</a></h3>
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<p>引号用于引用别人的言论。</p>
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<blockquote>
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<p>他说：“我喜欢你。”</p>
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</blockquote>
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<h3 id="括号">括号「（）」<a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#括号" class="internal"> §</a></h3>
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<p>括号用于添加解释，注释，或者附加的信息。</p>
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<blockquote>
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<p>我喜欢吃水果（如苹果，香蕉，橙子）。</p>
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</blockquote>
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<h3 id="书名号">书名号「《》」<a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#书名号" class="internal"> §</a></h3>
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<p>书名号用于标注书籍，报纸，电影等作品的标题。</p>
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<blockquote>
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<p>我最近在读《哈利·波特》。</p>
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</blockquote>
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<h3 id="连接号-">连接号「-」<a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#连接号-" class="internal"> §</a></h3>
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<p>连接号用于连接两个有直接关联的词语。</p>
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<blockquote>
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<p>中美 - 贸易</p>
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</blockquote>
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<h3 id="破折号">破折号「——」<a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#破折号" class="internal"> §</a></h3>
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<p>破折号表示转折，解释，或者暂停。</p>
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<blockquote>
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<p>我喜欢吃水果——尤其是苹果。</p>
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</blockquote>
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<h3 id="省略号">省略号「……」<a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#省略号" class="internal"> §</a></h3>
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<p>省略号表示语句的不连续。</p>
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<blockquote>
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<p>等待……</p>
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</blockquote>
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<h3 id="感叹号">感叹号「！」<a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#感叹号" class="internal"> §</a></h3>
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<p>感叹号用于标识感叹或者强烈的情绪。</p>
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<blockquote>
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<p>太好了！</p>
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</blockquote>
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<h3 id="斜杠">斜杠「/」<a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#斜杠" class="internal"> §</a></h3>
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<p>在 Markdown 中，斜杠被用作转义字符，表示接下来的字符应被解析为文字，而非 Markdown 语法。</p>
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<blockquote>
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<p>我* 喜欢* 你。</p>
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<p>输出为：我<em>喜欢</em>你。</p>
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</blockquote>
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<h3 id="反斜杠">反斜杠「\」<a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#反斜杠" class="internal"> §</a></h3>
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<p>在 Markdown 中，反斜杠主要用作转义字符。</p>
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<blockquote>
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<p>\\ 在 Markdown 中会输出一个斜杠：\。</p>
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</blockquote>
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<h3 id="反引号">反引号「`」<a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#反引号" class="internal"> §</a></h3>
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<p>在 Markdown 中，反引号用于创建 <code>inline</code> 代码块。</p>
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<blockquote>
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<p>`print(‘Hello, World!‘)` 在 Markdown 中会输出一个 inline 代码块：<code>print('Hello, World!')</code>。</p>
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</blockquote>
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<h2 id="中文标点使用">中文标点使用<a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#中文标点使用" class="internal"> §</a></h2>
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<p>使用中文标点符号时，推荐遵循以下规则。</p>
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<ul>
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<li>
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<p>在中文语境下，<strong>标点符号应使用全角形式（即中文输入法下的标点符号）</strong>，不能使用半角形式（即英文输入法下的标点符号）。</p>
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</li>
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<li>
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<p>中文全角标点符号两侧不应该有半角空格。</p>
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</li>
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</ul>
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<blockquote>
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<p>如果 CPU 设有限额□（从 K8S 指定的上限）□，则需要手动调整。❌</p>
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<p>如果 CPU 设有限额（从 K8S 指定的上限），则需要手动调整。</p>
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</blockquote>
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<ul>
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<li>句号、问号、叹号、逗号、顿号、分号、冒号、结束引号、结束括号等标点不应出现在一行的开头。</li>
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</ul>
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<blockquote>
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<p>排版时注意某些
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符号不能在行首
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，别弄错了。❌</p>
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<p>排版时注意某些
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符号不能在行首，
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别弄错了。</p>
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</blockquote>
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<ul>
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<li>开始引号、开始括号、开始双书名号等标点不应出现在一行的末尾。</li>
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</ul>
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<blockquote>
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<p>她对我们说：“
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这书太赞了。”❌</p>
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<p>Copy code 她对我们说：
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“这书太赞了。”</p>
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</blockquote>
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<h2 id="中英文混用时的标点符号用法">中英文混用时的标点符号用法<a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#中英文混用时的标点符号用法" class="internal"> §</a></h2>
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<p>在中文技术文档中，可能会出现英文，此时可能会使用全角形式的中文标点和半角形式的英文标点。在中英文混用时，需特别注意标点符号的使用。</p>
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<p>这部分介绍在中英文交接处使用标点符号的规则。</p>
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<h3 id="根本原则">根本原则<a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#根本原则" class="internal"> §</a></h3>
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<p>中文技术文档<strong>主要针对中文文本，应以中文标点符号为主，英文标点符号为辅。</strong></p>
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<h3 id="基本规范">基本规范<a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#基本规范" class="internal"> §</a></h3>
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<ol>
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<li>在中文句子中使用英文单词或词组时：
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<ul>
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<li>使用的英文单词或词组不需要用中文引号包围。</li>
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<li>如果使用的英文单词或词组本身有英文标点，保留其英文标点。</li>
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<li>中文句子的末尾应使用中文标点符号。</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li>在中文句子中使用英文句子时：
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<ul>
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<li>应用中文引号包围英文句子。</li>
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<li>如果英文句子本身有英文标点，保留其英文标点。</li>
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<li>中文句子的末尾应使用中文标点符号。</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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</ol>
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<table><thead><tr><th>标点符号</th><th>中文句子内夹用英文单词或词组时</th><th>中文句子内夹用英文句子时</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>句号</td><td>change 和 transform 意义不同。</td><td>I like you.（我喜欢你。）</td></tr><tr><td>逗号</td><td>这个数据库的官方描述是“open-source, distributed SQL database”。</td><td>他们的官方文档上写着“Try it out, and you will get a 10% discount.”。</td></tr><tr><td>问号</td><td>distributed SQL 在这里是什么意思？</td><td>他伸出手说“Need a hand?”，这句话的含义是“你需要帮助吗？”？</td></tr><tr><td>叹号</td><td>不要总是对女孩说“Pretty!”！</td><td>他站在那，感叹了句“What a beautiful scene!”。</td></tr><tr><td>顿号</td><td>be 动词包括 is、are、were、was 等。</td><td>“He is man.”、“He is a man.”和“He is the man。”三者的含义有何区别？</td></tr><tr><td>分号</td><td>如果想表示更礼貌的语气，用 might；反之，用 may。</td><td>官方文档上说“To deploy the database, use the TiUP tool; to migrate data, use the DM tool.”。</td></tr><tr><td>冒号</td><td>官网有个首页按钮失效了：Newsletter。</td><td>文档站的右上角写着：Try it now。</td></tr><tr><td>引号</td><td>将来时态通常由“will + 动词原形”组成。</td><td>这篇文章里有句话比较难理解：“The saint said, ‘Follow your fear.’”。</td></tr><tr><td>破折号</td><td>这个符号表示禁止——stop。</td><td>“Well—emm, I don’t know how to say—but I hope you can understand my position.”他纠结地说。</td></tr><tr><td>省略号</td><td>使用 so…that… 句型表示结果，意思是“如此……以至于……”。</td><td>“I don’t know how to say this…”的含义是“我不知道该怎么说了……”。</td></tr></tbody></table>
|
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|
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<h4 id="中英文括号的使用">中英文括号的使用<a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#中英文括号的使用" class="internal"> §</a></h4>
|
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|
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<ul>
|
|||
|
|
<li>括号里全为英文时建议使用半角括号，并在括号前后各空一个半角空格，括号和括号内的英文之间不需要空格。</li>
|
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|
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</ul>
|
|||
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<blockquote>
|
|||
|
|
<p>数据定义语言（DDL）是一种……（使用了全角括号）❌
|
|||
|
|
数据定义语言 (DDL) 是一种……（半角括号前后未空格）❌
|
|||
|
|
数据定义语言□(□DDL□)□是一种……（半角括号和半角括号内的英文之间空了一格）❌</p>
|
|||
|
|
<p>正确示例：数据定义语言□(DDL)□是一种……</p>
|
|||
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|||
|
|
<ul>
|
|||
|
|
<li>括号里既有中文又有英文（即只要括号内包含任何中文）时建议使用全角括号，括号前后不空格。</li>
|
|||
|
|
</ul>
|
|||
|
|
<blockquote>
|
|||
|
|
<p>斜杠 (slash 或 forward slash) 和反斜杠 (backslash) 是两种符号。❌</p>
|
|||
|
|
<p>斜杠（slash 或 forward slash）和反斜杠 (backslash) 是两种符号。</p>
|
|||
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|||
|
|
<h4 id="英文书籍报刊标题的引用方法">英文书籍、报刊、标题的引用方法<a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#英文书籍报刊标题的引用方法" class="internal"> §</a></h4>
|
|||
|
|
<ul>
|
|||
|
|
<li>
|
|||
|
|
<p>中文句子中夹用英文书籍或报刊名时，不能使用中文书名号《》，而应使用斜体字表示，如果无法使用斜体字，建议使用中文引号包裹引用。</p>
|
|||
|
|
</li>
|
|||
|
|
<li>
|
|||
|
|
<p>英文文章的标题用中文引号包裹引用。</p>
|
|||
|
|
</li>
|
|||
|
|
</ul>
|
|||
|
|
<blockquote>
|
|||
|
|
<p><em>New York Times</em> 发布了一篇新文章，标题是“Cloud is Eating the World”。</p>
|
|||
|
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</blockquote></article></div><div class="right sidebar"><div class="graph "><h3>Graph View</h3><div class="graph-outer"><div id="graph-container" data-cfg="{"drag":true,"zoom":true,"depth":1,"scale":1.1,"repelForce":0.5,"centerForce":0.3,"linkDistance":30,"fontSize":0.6,"opacityScale":1,"showTags":true,"removeTags":[]}"></div><svg version="1.1" id="global-graph-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlnsXlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 55 55" fill="currentColor" xmlSpace="preserve"><path d="M49,0c-3.309,0-6,2.691-6,6c0,1.035,0.263,2.009,0.726,2.86l-9.829,9.829C32.542,17.634,30.846,17,29,17
|
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s-3.542,0.634-4.898,1.688l-7.669-7.669C16.785,10.424,17,9.74,17,9c0-2.206-1.794-4-4-4S9,6.794,9,9s1.794,4,4,4
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c0.74,0,1.424-0.215,2.019-0.567l7.669,7.669C21.634,21.458,21,23.154,21,25s0.634,3.542,1.688,4.897L10.024,42.562
|
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C8.958,41.595,7.549,41,6,41c-3.309,0-6,2.691-6,6s2.691,6,6,6s6-2.691,6-6c0-1.035-0.263-2.009-0.726-2.86l12.829-12.829
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c1.106,0.86,2.44,1.436,3.898,1.619v10.16c-2.833,0.478-5,2.942-5,5.91c0,3.309,2.691,6,6,6s6-2.691,6-6c0-2.967-2.167-5.431-5-5.91
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v-10.16c1.458-0.183,2.792-0.759,3.898-1.619l7.669,7.669C41.215,39.576,41,40.26,41,41c0,2.206,1.794,4,4,4s4-1.794,4-4
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s-1.794-4-4-4c-0.74,0-1.424,0.215-2.019,0.567l-7.669-7.669C36.366,28.542,37,26.846,37,25s-0.634-3.542-1.688-4.897l9.665-9.665
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C46.042,11.405,47.451,12,49,12c3.309,0,6-2.691,6-6S52.309,0,49,0z M11,9c0-1.103,0.897-2,2-2s2,0.897,2,2s-0.897,2-2,2
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S11,10.103,11,9z M6,51c-2.206,0-4-1.794-4-4s1.794-4,4-4s4,1.794,4,4S8.206,51,6,51z M33,49c0,2.206-1.794,4-4,4s-4-1.794-4-4
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s1.794-4,4-4S33,46.794,33,49z M29,31c-3.309,0-6-2.691-6-6s2.691-6,6-6s6,2.691,6,6S32.309,31,29,31z M47,41c0,1.103-0.897,2-2,2
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s-2-0.897-2-2s0.897-2,2-2S47,39.897,47,41z M49,10c-2.206,0-4-1.794-4-4s1.794-4,4-4s4,1.794,4,4S51.206,10,49,10z"></path></svg></div><div id="global-graph-outer"><div id="global-graph-container" data-cfg="{"drag":true,"zoom":true,"depth":-1,"scale":0.9,"repelForce":0.5,"centerForce":0.3,"linkDistance":30,"fontSize":0.6,"opacityScale":1,"showTags":true,"removeTags":[]}"></div></div></div><div class="toc desktop-only"><button type="button" id="toc" class><h3>Table of Contents</h3><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="fold"><polyline points="6 9 12 15 18 9"></polyline></svg></button><div id="toc-content"><ul class="overflow"><li class="depth-0"><a href="#常用中文标点符号" data-for="常用中文标点符号">常用中文标点符号</a></li><li class="depth-1"><a href="#句号" data-for="句号">句号「。」</a></li><li class="depth-1"><a href="#逗号" data-for="逗号">逗号「，」</a></li><li class="depth-1"><a href="#顿号" data-for="顿号">顿号「、」</a></li><li class="depth-1"><a href="#分号" data-for="分号">分号「；」</a></li><li class="depth-1"><a href="#冒号" data-for="冒号">冒号「：」</a></li><li class="depth-1"><a href="#引号--" data-for="引号--">引号「“ ”，‘ ’」</a></li><li class="depth-1"><a href="#括号" data-for="括号">括号「（）」</a></li><li class="depth-1"><a href="#书名号" data-for="书名号">书名号「《》」</a></li><li class="depth-1"><a href="#连接号-" data-for="连接号-">连接号「-」</a></li><li class="depth-1"><a href="#破折号" data-for="破折号">破折号「——」</a></li><li class="depth-1"><a href="#省略号" data-for="省略号">省略号「……」</a></li><li class="depth-1"><a href="#感叹号" data-for="感叹号">感叹号「！」</a></li><li class="depth-1"><a href="#斜杠" data-for="斜杠">斜杠「/」</a></li><li class="depth-1"><a href="#反斜杠" data-for="反斜杠">反斜杠「\」</a></li><li class="depth-1"><a href="#反引号" data-for="反引号">反引号「`」</a></li><li class="depth-0"><a href="#中文标点使用" data-for="中文标点使用">中文标点使用</a></li><li class="depth-0"><a href="#中英文混用时的标点符号用法" data-for="中英文混用时的标点符号用法">中英文混用时的标点符号用法</a></li><li class="depth-1"><a href="#根本原则" data-for="根本原则">根本原则</a></li><li class="depth-1"><a href="#基本规范" data-for="基本规范">基本规范</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="backlinks "><h3>Backlinks</h3><ul class="overflow"><li>No backlinks found</li></ul></div><div class="explorer mobile-only"><button type="button" id="explorer" data-behavior="collapse" data-collapsed="collapsed" data-savestate="true" data-tree="[{"path":"Journal","collapsed":true},{"path":"Journal/2024","collapsed":true},{"path":"Journal/2024/W33","collapsed":true},{"path":"Obsidian","collapsed":true},{"path":"Obsidian/Templates","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Blog","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Blog/2018","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Blog/2020","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Blog/2021","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Blog/2022","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Blog/2023","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Blog/2024","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Book","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Bo
|
|||
|
|
function toggleCallout() {
|
|||
|
|
const outerBlock = this.parentElement;
|
|||
|
|
outerBlock.classList.toggle(`is-collapsed`);
|
|||
|
|
const collapsed = outerBlock.classList.contains(`is-collapsed`);
|
|||
|
|
const height = collapsed ? this.scrollHeight : outerBlock.scrollHeight;
|
|||
|
|
outerBlock.style.maxHeight = height + `px`;
|
|||
|
|
let current = outerBlock;
|
|||
|
|
let parent = outerBlock.parentElement;
|
|||
|
|
while (parent) {
|
|||
|
|
if (!parent.classList.contains(`callout`)) {
|
|||
|
|
return;
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
const collapsed2 = parent.classList.contains(`is-collapsed`);
|
|||
|
|
const height2 = collapsed2 ? parent.scrollHeight : parent.scrollHeight + current.scrollHeight;
|
|||
|
|
parent.style.maxHeight = height2 + `px`;
|
|||
|
|
current = parent;
|
|||
|
|
parent = parent.parentElement;
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
function setupCallout() {
|
|||
|
|
const collapsible = document.getElementsByClassName(
|
|||
|
|
`callout is-collapsible`
|
|||
|
|
);
|
|||
|
|
for (const div of collapsible) {
|
|||
|
|
const title = div.firstElementChild;
|
|||
|
|
if (title) {
|
|||
|
|
title.removeEventListener(`click`, toggleCallout);
|
|||
|
|
title.addEventListener(`click`, toggleCallout);
|
|||
|
|
const collapsed = div.classList.contains(`is-collapsed`);
|
|||
|
|
const height = collapsed ? title.scrollHeight : div.scrollHeight;
|
|||
|
|
div.style.maxHeight = height + `px`;
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
document.addEventListener(`nav`, setupCallout);
|
|||
|
|
window.addEventListener(`resize`, setupCallout);
|
|||
|
|
</script><script type="module">
|
|||
|
|
import mermaid from 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/mermaid/dist/mermaid.esm.min.mjs';
|
|||
|
|
const darkMode = document.documentElement.getAttribute('saved-theme') === 'dark'
|
|||
|
|
mermaid.initialize({
|
|||
|
|
startOnLoad: false,
|
|||
|
|
securityLevel: 'loose',
|
|||
|
|
theme: darkMode ? 'dark' : 'default'
|
|||
|
|
});
|
|||
|
|
document.addEventListener('nav', async () => {
|
|||
|
|
await mermaid.run({
|
|||
|
|
querySelector: '.mermaid'
|
|||
|
|
})
|
|||
|
|
});
|
|||
|
|
</script><script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/katex@0.16.7/dist/contrib/copy-tex.min.js" type="application/javascript"></script><script src="../../../postscript.js" type="module"></script></html>
|