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<html lang="zh"><head><title>configparser 配置文件解析器</title><meta charset="utf-8"/><link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com"/><link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com"/><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=IBM Plex Mono&family=Noto Serif Simplified Chinese:wght@400;700&family=Source Sans Pro:ital,wght@0,400;0,600;1,400;1,600&display=swap"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/><meta property="og:title" content="configparser 配置文件解析器"/><meta property="og:description" content="python 内置标准库 configparser 配置文件解析器."/><meta property="og:image" content="https://wiki.7wate.com/static/og-image.png"/><meta property="og:width" content="1200"/><meta property="og:height" content="675"/><link rel="icon" href="../../../../../static/icon.png"/><meta name="description" content="python 内置标准库 configparser 配置文件解析器."/><meta name="generator" content="Quartz"/><link href="../../../../../index.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" spa-preserve/><link href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/KaTeX/0.16.9/katex.min.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" spa-preserve/><script src="../../../../../prescript.js" type="application/javascript" spa-preserve></script><script type="application/javascript" spa-preserve>const fetchData = fetch("../../../../../static/contentIndex.json").then(data => data.json())</script></head><body data-slug="Technology/ProgrammingLanguage/Python/模块/数据处理/configparser-配置文件解析器"><div id="quartz-root" class="page"><div id="quartz-body"><div class="left sidebar"><h2 class="page-title"><a href="../../../../..">🪴 X·Eden</a></h2><div class="spacer mobile-only"></div><div class="search"><button class="search-button" id="search-button"><p>搜索</p><svg role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 19.9 19.7"><title>Search</title><g class="search-path" fill="none"><path stroke-linecap="square" d="M18.5 18.3l-5.4-5.4"></path><circle cx="8" cy="8" r="7"></circle></g></svg></button><div id="search-container"><div id="search-space"><input autocomplete="off" id="search-bar" name="search" type="text" aria-label="搜索些什么" placeholder="搜索些什么"/><div id="search-layout" data-preview="true"></div></div></div></div><button class="darkmode" id="darkmode"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" id="dayIcon" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 35 35" style="enable-background:new 0 0 35 35" xml:space="preserve" aria-label="暗色模式"><title>暗色模式</title><path d="M6,17.5C6,16.672,5.328,16,4.5,16h-3C0.672,16,0,16.672,0,17.5 S0.672,19,1.5,19h3C5.328,19,6,18.328,6,17.5z M7.5,26c-0.414,0-0.789,0.168-1.061,0.439l-2,2C4.168,28.711,4,29.086,4,29.5 C4,30.328,4.671,31,5.5,31c0.414,0,0.789-0.168,1.06-0.44l2-2C8.832,28.289,9,27.914,9,27.5C9,26.672,8.329,26,7.5,26z M17.5,6 C18.329,6,19,5.328,19,4.5v-3C19,0.672,18.329,0,17.5,0S16,0.672,16,1.5v3C16,5.328,16.671,6,17.5,6z M27.5,9 c0.414,0,0.789-0.168,1.06-0.439l2-2C30.832,6.289,31,5.914,31,5.5C31,4.672,30.329,4,29.5,4c-0.414,0-0.789,0.168-1.061,0.44 l-2,2C26.168,6.711,26,7.086,26,7.5C26,8.328,26.671,9,27.5,9z M6.439,8.561C6.711,8.832,7.086,9,7.5,9C8.328,9,9,8.328,9,7.5 c0-0.414-0.168-0.789-0.439-1.061l-2-2C6.289,4.168,5.914,4,5.5,4C4.672,4,4,4.672,4,5.5c0,0.414,0.168,0.789,0.439,1.06 L6.439,8.561z M33.5,16h-3c-0.828,0-1.5,0.672-1.5,1.5s0.672,1.5,1.5,1.5h3c0.828,0,1.5-0.672,1.5-1.5S34.328,16,33.5,16z M28.561,26.439C28.289,26.168,27.914,26,27.5,26c-0.828,0-1.5,0.672-1.5,1.5c0,0.414,0.168,0.789,0.439,1.06l2,2 C28.711,30.832,29.086,31,29.5,31c0.828,0,1.5-0.672,1.5-1.5c0-0.414-0.168-0.789-0.439-1.061L28.561,26.439z M17.5,29 c-0.829,0-1.5,0.672-1.5,1.5v3c0,0.828,0.671,1.5,1.5,1.5s1.5-0.672,1.5-1.5v-3C19,29.672,18.329,29,17.5,29z M17.5,7 C11.71,7,7,11.71,7,17.5S11.71,28,17.5,28S28,23.29,28,17.5S23.29,7,17.5,7z M17.5,25c-4.136,0-7.5-3.364-7.5-7.5 c0-4.136,3.364-7.5,7.5-7.5c4.136,0,7.5,3.3
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<h2 id="配置文件">配置文件<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#配置文件" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h2>
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<p>首先要理解 <code>.ini</code> 文件的基本构成。<code>.ini</code> 文件是一种配置文件格式，它由多个 section 组成，每个 section 下面有多个 option，每个 option 对应一个 value。例如：</p>
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<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="ini" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="ini" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">[DEFAULT]</span></span>
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<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">ServerAliveInterval</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> = 45</span></span>
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<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">Compression</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> = yes</span></span>
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<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">CompressionLevel</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> = 9</span></span>
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<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">ForwardX11</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> = yes</span></span>
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<span data-line> </span>
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<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">[bitbucket.org]</span></span>
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<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">User</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> = hg</span></span>
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<span data-line> </span>
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<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">[topsecret.server.com]</span></span>
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<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">Port</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> = 50022</span></span>
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<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">ForwardX11</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> = no</span></span></code></pre></figure>
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<h2 id="读取配置文件">读取配置文件<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#读取配置文件" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h2>
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<p>要使用 <code>configparser</code> 读取配置文件，首先需要创建一个 <code>ConfigParser</code> 对象，然后使用 <code>read()</code> 方法读取配置文件。在读取了配置文件之后，我们可以像操作字典一样操作配置文件中的数据。如下例：</p>
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<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="python" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="python" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">import</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> configparser</span></span>
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<span data-line> </span>
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<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"># 创建一个新的配置解析器</span></span>
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<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">config </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> configparser.ConfigParser()</span></span>
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<span data-line> </span>
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<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"># 读取配置文件</span></span>
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<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">config.read(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'example.ini'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">)</span></span>
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<span data-line> </span>
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<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"># 获取配置文件中的信息</span></span>
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<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">section </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> config[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'DEFAULT'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]</span></span>
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<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">print</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(section[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'ServerAliveInterval'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]) </span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"># 输出：45</span></span></code></pre></figure>
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<h2 id="创建和编辑配置文件">创建和编辑配置文件<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#创建和编辑配置文件" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h2>
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<p><code>configparser</code> 也可以用来创建和编辑配置文件。如果我们想添加一个新的 section，可以使用 <code>add_section()</code> 方法。如果我们想在特定的 section 下添加或修改 option 和 value，可以使用 <code>set()</code> 方法。最后，我们可以使用 <code>write()</code> 方法将更改保存到文件。如下例：</p>
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<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="python" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="python" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">import</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> configparser</span></span>
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<span data-line> </span>
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<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">config </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> configparser.ConfigParser()</span></span>
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<span data-line> </span>
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<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"># 添加新的 section</span></span>
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<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">config.add_section(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'new_section'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">)</span></span>
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<span data-line> </span>
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<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"># 在新的 section 下添加 option 和 value</span></span>
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<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">config.set(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'new_section'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'new_option'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'new_value'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">)</span></span>
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<span data-line> </span>
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<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"># 写入文件</span></span>
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<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">with</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> open</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'example.ini'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'w'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">) </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">as</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> configfile:</span></span>
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<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> config.write(configfile)</span></span></code></pre></figure>
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<h2 id="深入理解-configparser">深入理解 Configparser<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#深入理解-configparser" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h2>
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<p><code>configparser</code> 还有一些更高级的用法。例如，每个 <code>ConfigParser</code> 对象都有一个默认的 section，名为 <code>DEFAULT</code>。<code>DEFAULT</code> section 中的值会作为其他 section 的默认值。这意味着，如果其他 section 中没有定义某个 option，那么 <code>configparser</code> 就会在 <code>DEFAULT</code> section 中寻找这个 option。</p>
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<p>此外，<code>configparser</code> 还提供了 <code>options()</code> 和 <code>items()</code> 方法，可以用来获取一个 section 中所有的 options 和 items。<code>has_section()</code> 和 <code>has_option()</code> 方法可以用来检查特定的 section 或 option 是否存在。</p>
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<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="python" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="python" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">import</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> configparser</span></span>
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<span data-line> </span>
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<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">config </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> configparser.ConfigParser()</span></span>
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<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">config.read(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'example.ini'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">)</span></span>
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<span data-line> </span>
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<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"># 检查 section 或 option 是否存在</span></span>
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<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">print</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(config.has_section(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'new_section'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">)) </span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"># True</span></span>
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<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">print</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(config.has_option(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'new_section'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'new_option'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">)) </span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"># True</span></span>
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<span data-line> </span>
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<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"># 获取所有的 options 和 items</span></span>
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<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">print</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(config.options(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'new_section'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">)) </span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"># ['new_option']</span></span>
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<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">print</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(config.items(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'new_section'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">)) </span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"># [('new_option', 'new_value')]</span></span></code></pre></figure>
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<h2 id="错误处理">错误处理<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#错误处理" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h2>
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<p>在使用 <code>configparser</code> 时，可能会遇到各种错误和异常。例如，如果尝试获取不存在的 section 或 option，<code>configparser</code> 就会抛出 <code>NoSectionError</code> 或 <code>NoOptionError</code>。为了使程序更加健壮，我们需要学会处理这些错误和异常。</p>
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<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="python" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="python" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">import</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> configparser</span></span>
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<span data-line> </span>
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<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">config </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> configparser.ConfigParser()</span></span>
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<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">try</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
|
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<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> config.read(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'example.ini'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">)</span></span>
|
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<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> print</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(config[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'nonexistent_section'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">])</span></span>
|
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<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">except</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> configparser.NoSectionError:</span></span>
|
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<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> print</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'Section does not exist.'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">)</span></span></code></pre></figure>
|
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<h2 id="高级特性">高级特性<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#高级特性" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h2>
|
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<p><code>configparser</code> 还支持值插值。这意味着你可以在配置文件的一个值中引用另一个值。例如：</p>
|
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<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="ini" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="ini" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">[Paths]</span></span>
|
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<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">home_dir: //Users</span></span>
|
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|
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<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">my_dir: %(home_dir)s/lumberjack</span></span>
|
|||
|
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<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">my_pictures: %(my_dir)s/Pictures</span></span></code></pre></figure>
|
|||
|
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<p>在这个例子中，<code>my_dir</code> 的值是 <code>/Users/lumberjack</code>，<code>my_pictures</code> 的值是 <code>/Users/lumberjack/Pictures</code>。</p>
|
|||
|
|
<p>要使用插值，你需要在 <code>get()</code> 方法中传入 <code>raw=False</code>。默认情况下，<code>raw</code> 参数为 <code>False</code>。</p>
|
|||
|
|
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="python" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="python" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">import</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> configparser</span></span>
|
|||
|
|
<span data-line> </span>
|
|||
|
|
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">config </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> configparser.ConfigParser()</span></span>
|
|||
|
|
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">config.read(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'example.ini'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">)</span></span>
|
|||
|
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<span data-line> </span>
|
|||
|
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<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"># 使用插值</span></span>
|
|||
|
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<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">print</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(config.get(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'Paths'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'my_pictures'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">raw</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">False</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">)) </span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"># 输出：/Users/lumberjack/Pictures</span></span></code></pre></figure></article><hr/><div class="page-footer"></div></div><div class="right sidebar"><div class="graph"><h3>关系图谱</h3><div class="graph-outer"><div id="graph-container" data-cfg="{"drag":true,"zoom":true,"depth":1,"scale":1.1,"repelForce":0.5,"centerForce":0.3,"linkDistance":30,"fontSize":0.6,"opacityScale":1,"showTags":true,"removeTags":[],"focusOnHover":false}"></div><button id="global-graph-icon" aria-label="Global Graph"><svg version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 55 55" fill="currentColor" xml:space="preserve"><path d="M49,0c-3.309,0-6,2.691-6,6c0,1.035,0.263,2.009,0.726,2.86l-9.829,9.829C32.542,17.634,30.846,17,29,17
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C46.042,11.405,47.451,12,49,12c3.309,0,6-2.691,6-6S52.309,0,49,0z M11,9c0-1.103,0.897-2,2-2s2,0.897,2,2s-0.897,2-2,2
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S11,10.103,11,9z M6,51c-2.206,0-4-1.794-4-4s1.794-4,4-4s4,1.794,4,4S8.206,51,6,51z M33,49c0,2.206-1.794,4-4,4s-4-1.794-4-4
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s1.794-4,4-4S33,46.794,33,49z M29,31c-3.309,0-6-2.691-6-6s2.691-6,6-6s6,2.691,6,6S32.309,31,29,31z M47,41c0,1.103-0.897,2-2,2
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s-2-0.897-2-2s0.897-2,2-2S47,39.897,47,41z M49,10c-2.206,0-4-1.794-4-4s1.794-4,4-4s4,1.794,4,4S51.206,10,49,10z"></path></svg></button></div><div id="global-graph-outer"><div id="global-graph-container" data-cfg="{"drag":true,"zoom":true,"depth":-1,"scale":0.9,"repelForce":0.5,"centerForce":0.3,"linkDistance":30,"fontSize":0.6,"opacityScale":1,"showTags":true,"removeTags":[],"focusOnHover":true}"></div></div></div><div class="toc desktop-only"><button type="button" id="toc" class aria-controls="toc-content" aria-expanded="true"><h3>目录</h3><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="fold"><polyline points="6 9 12 15 18 9"></polyline></svg></button><div id="toc-content" class><ul class="overflow"><li class="depth-0"><a href="#配置文件" data-for="配置文件">配置文件</a></li><li class="depth-0"><a href="#读取配置文件" data-for="读取配置文件">读取配置文件</a></li><li class="depth-0"><a href="#创建和编辑配置文件" data-for="创建和编辑配置文件">创建和编辑配置文件</a></li><li class="depth-0"><a href="#深入理解-configparser" data-for="深入理解-configparser">深入理解 Configparser</a></li><li class="depth-0"><a href="#错误处理" data-for="错误处理">错误处理</a></li><li class="depth-0"><a href="#高级特性" data-for="高级特性">高级特性</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="explorer mobile-only"><button type="button" id="explorer" data-behavior="collapse" data-collapsed="collapsed" data-savestate="true" data-tree="[{"path":"Personal","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Blog","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Blog/2018","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Blog/2020","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Blog/2021","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Blog/2022","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Blog/2023","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Blog/2024","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Book","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Book/个人成长","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Book/医学健康","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Book/历史","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Book/哲学宗教","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Book/心理","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Book/政治军事","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Book/教育学习","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Book/文学","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Book/生活百科","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Book/社会文化","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Book/科学技术","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Book/经济理财","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Book/艺术","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Book/计算机","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Journal","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Journal/2022","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Journal/2022/W34","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Journal/2022/W35","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Journal/2022/W36","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Journal/2022/W37"
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</script><script type="module">
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|
let mermaidImport = undefined
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document.addEventListener('nav', async () => {
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if (document.querySelector("code.mermaid")) {
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mermaidImport ||= await import('https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/mermaid/10.7.0/mermaid.esm.min.mjs')
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const mermaid = mermaidImport.default
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const darkMode = document.documentElement.getAttribute('saved-theme') === 'dark'
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mermaid.initialize({
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|
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await mermaid.run({
|
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|
querySelector: '.mermaid'
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</script><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/KaTeX/0.16.9/contrib/copy-tex.min.js" type="application/javascript"></script><script src="../../../../../postscript.js" type="module"></script></html>
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