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<p><a href="https://python-poetry.org/" class="external">Poetry</a> 是一个面向未来的 Python 依赖管理和打包工具，它支持了 Python 社区的 <a href="https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0518/" class="external">PEP 518</a> 提案里的 pyproject.toml 新标准文件，用以管理我们与 Python 项目有关的内容。它的目的是简化 Python 包管理的过程，使其变得更容易和更可靠。</p>
<p>Poetry 主要由两部分组成：</p>
<ul>
<li>一个命令行工具，用于管理依赖关系和发布包。</li>
<li>一个配置文件（pyproject.toml），用于描述项目的元数据和依赖关系。</li>
</ul>
<p>Poetry 的一个重要特点是它支持自动生成和维护项目的锁定文件（Pipfile.lock），锁定文件用于跟踪项目依赖关系的版本号。这样可以保证项目在不同环境中使用相同的依赖关系版本。</p>
<p>Poetry 也支持创建和发布 Python 包，使用 poetry build 命令可以生成可发布的包，使用 poetry publish 命令可以将包发布到 PyPI 上。</p>
<p>总之 poetry 是一个功能强大，简单易用，支持创建和发布包的工具，适合于开发和维护 Python 项目的开发人员使用。它提供了一组简单易用的命令来管理项目的依赖关系，并且支持自动生成和维护项目的锁定文件，保证项目在不同环境中使用相同的依赖关系版本。并且它还支持创建和发布 Python 包,使得开发者可以更加方便地管理项目和发布自己的包。</p>
<h2 id="使用">使用<a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#使用" class="internal"> §</a></h2>
<h3 id="1-安装">1. 安装<a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#1-安装" class="internal"> §</a></h3>
<p>Poetry 为了避免版本控制混乱，<strong>不推荐使用 pip 安装 poetry。</strong></p>
<h4 id="linux-macos-windows-wsl">Linux, macOS, Windows (WSL)<a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#linux-macos-windows-wsl" class="internal"> §</a></h4>
<div data-rehype-pretty-code-fragment><pre style="background-color:var(--shiki-color-background);" tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="default"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="default"><span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">curl</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">-sSL</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">https://install.python-poetry.org</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-keyword);">|</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">python3</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">-</span></span></code></pre></div>
<h4 id="windows-powershell">Windows (Powershell)<a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#windows-powershell" class="internal"> §</a></h4>
<p>如果是通过 Microsoft Store 安装的 Python，请将命令中的 py 替换为 python。</p>
<div data-rehype-pretty-code-fragment><pre style="background-color:var(--shiki-color-background);" tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="default"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="default"><span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);">(</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">Invoke-WebRequest</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">-Uri</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">https://install.python-poetry.org</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">-UseBasicParsing</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);">).Content </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-keyword);">|</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">py</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">-</span></span></code></pre></div>
<h3 id="2-设置">2. 设置<a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#2-设置" class="internal"> §</a></h3>
<p>Poetry 会基于平台安装在特定的目录，如果此目录不在 Path 中需要手动添加路径：</p>
<ul>
<li>MacOS：<code>~/Library/Application Support/pypoetry/venv/bin/poetry</code></li>
<li>Linux/Unix：<code>~/.local/share/pypoetry/venv/bin/poetry</code></li>
<li>Windows：<code>%APPDATA%\pypoetry\venv\Scripts\poetry</code></li>
</ul>
<p>设置完成后，可以使用 <code>poetry --version</code> 命令验证版本。</p>
<h3 id="3-使用">3. 使用<a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#3-使用" class="internal"> §</a></h3>
<h4 id="31-项目管理">3.1 项目管理<a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#31-项目管理" class="internal"> §</a></h4>
<h5 id="新建项目">新建项目<a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#新建项目" class="internal"> §</a></h5>
<div data-rehype-pretty-code-fragment><pre style="background-color:var(--shiki-color-background);" tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="default"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="default"><span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-comment);"># 新建 poetry-demo 项目</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">poetry</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">new</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">poetry-demo</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-comment);"># 项目目录</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">poetry-demo</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">├──</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">pyproject.toml</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">├──</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">README.md</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">├──</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">poetry_demo</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">│</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">└──</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">__init__.py</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">└──</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">tests</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">└──</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">__init__.py</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-comment);"># pyproject.toml</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);">[tool.poetry]</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">name</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">=</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string-expression);">&quot;poetry-demo&quot;</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">version</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">=</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string-expression);">&quot;0.1.0&quot;</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">description</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">=</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string-expression);">&quot;&quot;</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">authors</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">=</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> [</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string-expression);">&quot;Sébastien Eustace &lt;sebastien@eustace.io>&quot;</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);">]</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">readme</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">=</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string-expression);">&quot;README.md&quot;</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">packages</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">=</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> [{</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">include</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">=</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string-expression);">&quot;poetry_demo&quot;</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">}]</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);">[tool.poetry.dependencies]</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">python</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">=</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string-expression);">&quot;^3.7&quot;</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);">[build-system]</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">requires</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">=</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> [</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string-expression);">&quot;poetry-core&quot;</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);">]</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">build-backend</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">=</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string-expression);">&quot;poetry.core.masonry.api&quot;</span></span>
<span data-line> </span></code></pre></div>
<h5 id="初始化项目">初始化项目<a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#初始化项目" class="internal"> §</a></h5>
<div data-rehype-pretty-code-fragment><pre style="background-color:var(--shiki-color-background);" tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="default"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="default"><span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-comment);"># 初始化</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">cd</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">pre-existing-project</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">poetry</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">init</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-comment);"># 引导创建项目配置</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">······</span></span></code></pre></div>
<h4 id="32-虚拟环境">3.2 虚拟环境<a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#32-虚拟环境" class="internal"> §</a></h4>
<div data-rehype-pretty-code-fragment><pre style="background-color:var(--shiki-color-background);" tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="default"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="default"><span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-comment);"># 激活虚拟环境</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">poetry</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">shell</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-comment);"># 关闭虚拟环境</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">exit</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">deactivate</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-comment);"># 设置 Python 版本</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">poetry</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">env</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">use</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">/full/path/to/python</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">poetry</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">env</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">use</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">python3.7</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">poetry</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">env</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">use</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-constant);">3.7</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-comment);"># 环境信息</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">poetry</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">env</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">info</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">poetry</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">env</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">list</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-comment);"># 删除环境</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">poetry</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">env</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">remove</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">/full/path/to/python</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">poetry</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">env</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">remove</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">python3.7</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">poetry</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">env</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">remove</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-constant);">3.7</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-comment);"># 删除所有虚拟环境</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">poetry</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">env</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">remove</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">--all</span></span></code></pre></div>
<h4 id="33-安装依赖">3.3 安装依赖<a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#33-安装依赖" class="internal"> §</a></h4>
<div data-rehype-pretty-code-fragment><pre style="background-color:var(--shiki-color-background);" tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="default"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="default"><span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-comment);"># 安装依赖</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">poetry</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">install</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-comment);"># 添加依赖包</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">poetry</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">add</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">django</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-comment);"># 安装依赖指定版本</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">poetry</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">add</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">django@^4.0.0</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">poetry</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">add</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">django@latest</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-comment);"># 移除依赖</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">poetry</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">remove</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">django</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-comment);"># 更新依赖</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">poetry</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">update</span></span></code></pre></div>
<h4 id="34-依赖组别">3.4 依赖组别<a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#34-依赖组别" class="internal"> §</a></h4>
<p>Poetry 提供了一种按组织依赖项的方法。例如，您可能拥有仅用于测试项目或构建文档所需的依赖项。</p>
<div data-rehype-pretty-code-fragment><pre style="background-color:var(--shiki-color-background);" tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="default"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="default"><span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-comment);"># -D 选项添加到开发组依赖</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">poetry</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">add</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">-D</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">black</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">flake8</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">mypy</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-comment);"># -D 选项移除开发组依赖</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">poetry</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">remove</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">-D</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">black</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">flake8</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">mypy</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-comment);"># --group 选项添加到指定组</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">poetry</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">add</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">pytest</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">--group</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">test</span></span></code></pre></div>
<h4 id="35-打包发布">3.5 打包发布<a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#35-打包发布" class="internal"> §</a></h4>
<div data-rehype-pretty-code-fragment><pre style="background-color:var(--shiki-color-background);" tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="default"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="default"><span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-comment);"># 打包</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">poetry</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">build</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-comment);"># 发布 PyPI</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">poetry</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">publish</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-comment);"># 设置包源</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">poetry</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">config</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">repositories.foo</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">https://pypi.example.org/legacy/</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-comment);"># 发布指定包源</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">poetry</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">publish</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">--build</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">--repository</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">foo-pub</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-comment);"># 导出 requirements.txt</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">poetry</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">export</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">-o</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">requirements.txt</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-comment);"># 不导出 Hash 值</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">poetry</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">export</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">--without-hashes</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-comment);"># 导出开发依赖</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">poetry</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">export</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">--without-hashes</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">--dev</span></span></code></pre></div>
<h4 id="36-依赖包源">3.6 依赖包源<a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#36-依赖包源" class="internal"> §</a></h4>
<div data-rehype-pretty-code-fragment><pre style="background-color:var(--shiki-color-background);" tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="default"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="default"><span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-comment);"># --default 选项配置默认包源</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">poetry</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">source</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">add</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">--default</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">foo</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">https://foo.bar/simple/</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-comment);"># --secondary 选项配置辅助包源</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">poetry</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">source</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">add</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">--secondary</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">foo</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">https://pypi.example.org/simple/</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-comment);"># 配置辅助包源凭证</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">poetry</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">config</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">http-basic.foo</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-keyword);">&lt;</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">usernam</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);">e</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-keyword);">></span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-keyword);">&lt;</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">passwor</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);">d</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-keyword);">></span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-comment);"># 指定包源添加依赖</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">poetry</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">add</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">--source</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">foo</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">private-package</span></span></code></pre></div>
<h3 id="4-命令">4. 命令<a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#4-命令" class="internal"> §</a></h3>
<p>poetry 的 <a href="https://python-poetry.org/docs/cli" class="external">常用命令</a>，完整的命令可以在终端执行 poetry —help 查看。</p>
<table><thead><tr><th>命令</th><th>作用</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>new</td><td>创建新项目</td></tr><tr><td>install</td><td>安装项目依赖</td></tr><tr><td>add</td><td>添加项目依赖</td></tr><tr><td>remove</td><td>删除项目依赖</td></tr><tr><td>update</td><td>更新项目依赖</td></tr><tr><td>lock</td><td>生成锁定文件</td></tr><tr><td>build</td><td>构建项目包</td></tr><tr><td>publish</td><td>发布项目包</td></tr><tr><td>env</td><td>管理虚拟环境</td></tr><tr><td>run</td><td>运行项目</td></tr><tr><td>shell</td><td>进入项目环境</td></tr><tr><td>config</td><td>查看或修改配置</td></tr><tr><td>info</td><td>显示项目信息</td></tr><tr><td>check</td><td>检查项目状态</td></tr></tbody></table>
<h3 id="5-更新">5. 更新<a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#5-更新" class="internal"> §</a></h3>
<div data-rehype-pretty-code-fragment><pre style="background-color:var(--shiki-color-background);" tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="default"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="default"><span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-comment);"># 自动更新</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">poetry</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">self</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">update</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-comment);"># 安装预发布版本</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">poetry</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">self</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">update</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">--preview</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-comment);"># 安装特定版本</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">poetry</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">self</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">update</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-constant);">1.3</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">.0</span></span></code></pre></div>
<h3 id="6-卸载">6. 卸载<a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#6-卸载" class="internal"> §</a></h3>
<p>Poetry 可以通过使用 <code>--uninstall</code> 选项再次运行安装程序，或 <code>POETRY_UNINSTALL</code> 在执行安装程序之前设置环境变量来将它从系统中完全删除。</p>
<div data-rehype-pretty-code-fragment><pre style="background-color:var(--shiki-color-background);" tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="default"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="default"><span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">curl</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">-sSL</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">https://install.python-poetry.org</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-keyword);">|</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">python3</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">-</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">--uninstall</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">curl</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">-sSL</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">https://install.python-poetry.org</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-keyword);">|</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> POETRY_UNINSTALL</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-keyword);">=</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-constant);">1</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">python3</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">-</span></span></code></pre></div></article></div><div class="right sidebar"><div class="graph "><h3>Graph View</h3><div class="graph-outer"><div id="graph-container" data-cfg="{&quot;drag&quot;:true,&quot;zoom&quot;:true,&quot;depth&quot;:1,&quot;scale&quot;:1.1,&quot;repelForce&quot;:0.5,&quot;centerForce&quot;:0.3,&quot;linkDistance&quot;:30,&quot;fontSize&quot;:0.6,&quot;opacityScale&quot;:1,&quot;showTags&quot;:true,&quot;removeTags&quot;:[]}"></div><svg version="1.1" id="global-graph-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlnsXlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 55 55" fill="currentColor" xmlSpace="preserve"><path d="M49,0c-3.309,0-6,2.691-6,6c0,1.035,0.263,2.009,0.726,2.86l-9.829,9.829C32.542,17.634,30.846,17,29,17
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