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420 KiB
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<html><head><title>Shell 必备锦囊</title><meta charSet="utf-8"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/><meta property="og:title" content="Shell 必备锦囊"/><meta property="og:description" content="Shell 必备锦囊."/><meta property="og:image" content="https://wiki.7wate.com/static/og-image.png"/><meta property="og:width" content="1200"/><meta property="og:height" content="675"/><link rel="icon" href="../../../../static/icon.png"/><meta name="description" content="Shell 必备锦囊."/><meta name="generator" content="Quartz"/><link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com"/><link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com"/><script async src="https://umami.7wate.com/script.js" data-website-id="c061efdc-95dd-4d21-9d04-a1ffda0a85b9"></script><script>
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</script><link href="../../../../index.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" spa-preserve/><link href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/katex@0.16.0/dist/katex.min.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" spa-preserve/><link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=IBM Plex Mono&family=Schibsted Grotesk:wght@400;700&family=Source Sans Pro:ital,wght@0,400;0,600;1,400;1,600&display=swap" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" spa-preserve/><script src="../../../../prescript.js" type="application/javascript" spa-preserve></script><script type="application/javascript" spa-preserve>const fetchData = fetch(`../../../../static/contentIndex.json`).then(data => data.json())</script></head><body data-slug="Tech/getting-started/命令行工具/Shell/Shell-必备锦囊"><div id="quartz-root" class="page"><div id="quartz-body"><div class="left sidebar"><h1 class="page-title "><a href="../../../..">📚 X·Eden</a></h1><div class="spacer mobile-only"></div><div class="search "><div id="search-icon"><p>Search</p><div></div><svg tabIndex="0" aria-labelledby="title desc" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 19.9 19.7"><title id="title">Search</title><desc id="desc">Search</desc><g class="search-path" fill="none"><path stroke-linecap="square" d="M18.5 18.3l-5.4-5.4"></path><circle cx="8" cy="8" r="7"></circle></g></svg></div><div id="search-container"><div id="search-space"><input autocomplete="off" id="search-bar" name="search" type="text" aria-label="Search for something" placeholder="Search for something"/><div id="results-container"></div></div></div></div><div class="darkmode "><input class="toggle" id="darkmode-toggle" type="checkbox" tabIndex="-1"/><label id="toggle-label-light" for="darkmode-toggle" tabIndex="-1"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlnsXlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" id="dayIcon" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 35 35" style="enable-background:new 0 0 35 35;" xmlSpace="preserve"><title>Light mode</title><path d="M6,17.5C6,16.672,5.328,16,4.5,16h-3C0.672,16,0,16.672,0,17.5 S0.672,19,1.5,19h3C5.328,19,6,18.328,6,17.5z M7.5,26c-0.414,0-0.789,0.168-1.061,0.439l-2,2C4.168,28.711,4,29.086,4,29.5 C4,30.328,4.671,31,5.5,31c0.414,0,0.789-0.168,1.06-0.44l2-2C8.832,28.289,9,27.914,9,27.5C9,26.672,8.329,26,7.5,26z M17.5,6 C18.329,6,19,5.328,19,4.5v-3C19,0.672,18.329,0,17.5,0S16,0.672,16,1.5v3C16,5.328,16.671,6,17.5,6z M27.5,9 c0.414,0,0.789-0.168,1.06-0.439l2-2C30.832,6.289,31,5.914,31,5.5C31,4.672,30.329,4,29.5,4c-0.414,0-0.789,0.168-1.061,0.44 l-2,2C26.168,6.711,26,7.086,26,7.5C26,8.328,26.671,9,27.5,9z M6.439,8.561C6.711,8.832,7.086,9,7.5,9C8.328,9,9,8.328,9,7.5 c0-0.414-0.168-0.789-0.439-1.061l-2-2C6.289,4.168,5.914,4,5.5,4C4.672,4,4,4.672,4,5.5c0,0.414,0.168,0.789,0.439,1.06 L6.439,8.561z M33.5,16h-3c-0.828,0-1.5,0.672-1.5,1.5s0.672,1.5,1.5,1.5h3c0.828,0,1.5-0.672,1.5-1.5S34.328,16,33.5,16z M28.561,26.439C28.289,26.168,27.914,26,27.5,26c-0.828,0-1.5,0.672-1.5,1.5c0,0.414,0.168,0.789,0.439,1.06l2,2 C28.711,30.832,29.086,31,29.5,31c0.828,0,1.5-0.672,1.5-1.5c0-0.414-0.168-0.789-0.439-1.061L28.561,26.439z M17.5,29 c-0.829,0-1.5,0.672-1.5,1.5v3c0,0.828,0.671,1.5,1.5,1.5s1.5-0.672,1.5-1.5v-3C19,29.672,18.329,29,17.5,29z M17.5,7 C11.71,7,7,11.71,7,17.5S11.71,28,17.5,28S28,23.29,28,17.5S23.29,7,17.5,7z M17.5,25c-4.136,0-7.5-3.364-7.5-7.5 c0-4.136,3.364-7.5,7.5-7.5c4.136,0,7.5,3.364,7.5,7.5C25,21.636,21.636,25,17.5,25z"></path></svg></label><label id="toggle-label-dark" for="darkmode-toggle" tabIndex="-1"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlnsXlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" id="nightIcon" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" style="enable-background='new 0 0 100 100'" xmlSpace="preserve"><title>Dark mode</title><path d="M96.76,66.458c-0.853-0.852-2.15-1.064-3.23-0.534c-6.063,2.991-12.858,4.571-19.655,4.571 C62.022,70.495,50.88,65.88,42.5,57.5C29.043,44.043,25.658,23.536,34.076,6.47c0.532-1.08,0.318-2.379-0.534-3.23 c-0.851-0.852-2.15-1.064-3.23-0.534c-4.918,2.427-9.375,5.619-13.246,9.491c-9.447,9.447-14.65,22.
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<p>在 Shell 中可以使用 tab 键盘实现快速补全，双击 tab 可以显示补全列表。</p>
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<div data-rehype-pretty-code-fragment><pre style="background-color:var(--shiki-color-background);" tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="default"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="default"><span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">@:~$</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">cd</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span></span>
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<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">.ansible/</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">.config/</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">.wget-hsts</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">index.html</span></span>
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<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">.bash_history</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">.lesshst</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">ChangeMirrors.sh</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">index.html.1</span></span>
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<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">.bash_logout</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">.profile</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">DockerInstallation.sh</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span></span>
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<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">.bashrc</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">.ssh/</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">aaaa/</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span></span>
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<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">.cache/</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">.sudo_as_admin_successful</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">demo/</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span></span></code></pre></div>
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<h2 id="history-历史">History 历史<a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#history-历史" class="internal"> §</a></h2>
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<p>history 命令可以显示执行过的命令历史。</p>
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<div data-rehype-pretty-code-fragment><pre style="background-color:var(--shiki-color-background);" tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="default"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="default"><span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">@:~$</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">history</span></span>
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<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">1</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">pwd</span></span>
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<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">2</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">ls</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">-l</span></span>
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<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">3</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">ip</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">addr</span></span>
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<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">4</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">apt-get</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">update</span></span>
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<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">5</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">sudo</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">apt-get</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">update</span></span></code></pre></div>
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<h2 id="-替换命令"><code>^</code> 替换命令<a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#-替换命令" class="internal"> §</a></h2>
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<p>如果输错了命令，特别是命令较长的情况下可以使用 <code>^</code> 替换错误的地方。</p>
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<div data-rehype-pretty-code-fragment><pre style="background-color:var(--shiki-color-background);" tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="default"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="default"><span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">@:~$</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">cat</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">a。txt</span></span>
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<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">cat:</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">a。txt:</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">No</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">such</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">file</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">or</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">directory</span></span>
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<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">@:~$</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">^。^.</span></span>
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<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">cat</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">a.txt</span></span>
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<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">helloworld!</span></span>
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<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">@:~$</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span></span></code></pre></div>
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<h2 id="-快捷符号"><code>!</code> 快捷符号<a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#-快捷符号" class="internal"> §</a></h2>
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<p><code>!</code> 符号拥有很多便捷的实用方法，例如 <code>!!</code> 快速执行上条命令，特别适用于 sudo 权限的情况下。<code>!foo</code> 快速执行历史命令中 foo 开头的命令。<code>!$</code> 命令引用上调命令中的最后一位参数。</p>
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<div data-rehype-pretty-code-fragment><pre style="background-color:var(--shiki-color-background);" tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="default"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="default"><span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">@:~$</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">!!</span></span>
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<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">cat</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">a.txt</span></span>
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<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">helloworld!</span></span>
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<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">@:~$</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">!ca</span></span>
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<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">cat</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">a.txt</span></span>
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<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">helloworld!</span></span>
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<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">@:~$</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">mkdir</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">path-a</span></span>
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<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">@:~$</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">cd</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">!</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);">$</span></span>
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<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">cd</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">path-a</span></span>
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<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">@:~/path-a$</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span></span></code></pre></div>
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<h2 id="目录操作">目录操作<a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#目录操作" class="internal"> §</a></h2>
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<p>Linux 终端执行命令的很多情况下需要经常的更换目录，cd 命令、pushd 命令、popd 命令可以快速移动目录。</p>
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<ul>
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<li>cd：回到当前用户目录。</li>
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<li>cd ~：回到当前用户目录（方便切换到其他用户目录）。</li>
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<li>cd -：回到上次工作的目录。</li>
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<li>pushd path：存入 path 目录到目录栈。</li>
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<li>pop：移动到目录栈弹出的目录。</li>
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</ul>
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<div data-rehype-pretty-code-fragment><pre style="background-color:var(--shiki-color-background);" tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="default"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="default"><span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">@:~/demo/a$</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">cd</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">~</span></span>
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<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">@:~$</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">cd</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">-</span></span>
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<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">/home/xxb/demo/a</span></span>
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<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">@:~/demo/a$</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">cd</span></span>
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<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">@:~$</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">cd</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">-</span></span>
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<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">/home/xxb/demo/a</span></span>
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<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">@:~/demo/a$</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">pushd</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">/home/xxb/demo/a</span></span>
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<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-keyword);">~</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);">/demo/a </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-keyword);">~</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);">/demo/a</span></span>
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<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">@:~/demo/a$</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">cd</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">~</span></span>
|
|||
|
|
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">@:~$</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">popd</span></span>
|
|||
|
|
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-keyword);">~</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);">/demo/a</span></span>
|
|||
|
|
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">@:~/demo/a$</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span></span></code></pre></div>
|
|||
|
|
<h2 id="alias-别名">Alias 别名<a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#alias-别名" class="internal"> §</a></h2>
|
|||
|
|
<p>一些常用的命令可以使用 alais 定义别名，方便快速操作。移除别名使用 unalias 命令。</p>
|
|||
|
|
<div data-rehype-pretty-code-fragment><pre style="background-color:var(--shiki-color-background);" tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="default"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="default"><span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">@:~/demo/a$</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">cat</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">aa.txt</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span></span>
|
|||
|
|
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">helloworld!</span></span>
|
|||
|
|
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">@:~/demo/a$</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">alias</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">abc=</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string-expression);">'cat aa.txt'</span></span>
|
|||
|
|
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">@:~/demo/a$</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">abc</span></span>
|
|||
|
|
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">helloworld!</span></span>
|
|||
|
|
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">@:~/demo/a$</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span></span></code></pre></div>
|
|||
|
|
<h2 id="命令替换">命令替换<a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#命令替换" class="internal"> §</a></h2>
|
|||
|
|
<p>Shell 内可以使用反引号和 $() 命令执行命令。</p>
|
|||
|
|
<div data-rehype-pretty-code-fragment><pre style="background-color:var(--shiki-color-background);" tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="default"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="default"><span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">@:~/demo/a$</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">pushd</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string-expression);">`</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">pwd</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string-expression);">`</span></span>
|
|||
|
|
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-keyword);">~</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);">/demo/a </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-keyword);">~</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);">/demo/a</span></span>
|
|||
|
|
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">@:~/demo/a$</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string);">pushd</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string-expression);">$(</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">pwd</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string-expression);">)</span></span>
|
|||
|
|
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-keyword);">~</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);">/demo/a </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-keyword);">~</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);">/demo/a </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-keyword);">~</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);">/demo/a</span></span>
|
|||
|
|
<span data-line><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function);">@:~/demo/a$</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text);"> </span></span></code></pre></div></article></div><div class="right sidebar"><div class="graph "><h3>Graph View</h3><div class="graph-outer"><div id="graph-container" data-cfg="{"drag":true,"zoom":true,"depth":1,"scale":1.1,"repelForce":0.5,"centerForce":0.3,"linkDistance":30,"fontSize":0.6,"opacityScale":1,"showTags":true,"removeTags":[]}"></div><svg version="1.1" id="global-graph-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlnsXlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 55 55" fill="currentColor" xmlSpace="preserve"><path d="M49,0c-3.309,0-6,2.691-6,6c0,1.035,0.263,2.009,0.726,2.86l-9.829,9.829C32.542,17.634,30.846,17,29,17
|
|||
|
|
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|||
|
|
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|
|||
|
|
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|
|||
|
|
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|
|||
|
|
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|
|||
|
|
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|
|||
|
|
C46.042,11.405,47.451,12,49,12c3.309,0,6-2.691,6-6S52.309,0,49,0z M11,9c0-1.103,0.897-2,2-2s2,0.897,2,2s-0.897,2-2,2
|
|||
|
|
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|
|||
|
|
s1.794-4,4-4S33,46.794,33,49z M29,31c-3.309,0-6-2.691-6-6s2.691-6,6-6s6,2.691,6,6S32.309,31,29,31z M47,41c0,1.103-0.897,2-2,2
|
|||
|
|
s-2-0.897-2-2s0.897-2,2-2S47,39.897,47,41z M49,10c-2.206,0-4-1.794-4-4s1.794-4,4-4s4,1.794,4,4S51.206,10,49,10z"></path></svg></div><div id="global-graph-outer"><div id="global-graph-container" data-cfg="{"drag":true,"zoom":true,"depth":-1,"scale":0.9,"repelForce":0.5,"centerForce":0.3,"linkDistance":30,"fontSize":0.6,"opacityScale":1,"showTags":true,"removeTags":[]}"></div></div></div><div class="toc desktop-only"><button type="button" id="toc" class><h3>Table of Contents</h3><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="fold"><polyline points="6 9 12 15 18 9"></polyline></svg></button><div id="toc-content"><ul class="overflow"><li class="depth-0"><a href="#tab-补全" data-for="tab-补全">Tab 补全</a></li><li class="depth-0"><a href="#history-历史" data-for="history-历史">History 历史</a></li><li class="depth-0"><a href="#-替换命令" data-for="-替换命令">^ 替换命令</a></li><li class="depth-0"><a href="#-快捷符号" data-for="-快捷符号">! 快捷符号</a></li><li class="depth-0"><a href="#目录操作" data-for="目录操作">目录操作</a></li><li class="depth-0"><a href="#alias-别名" data-for="alias-别名">Alias 别名</a></li><li class="depth-0"><a href="#命令替换" data-for="命令替换">命令替换</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="backlinks "><h3>Backlinks</h3><ul class="overflow"><li>No backlinks found</li></ul></div><div class="explorer mobile-only"><button type="button" id="explorer" data-behavior="collapse" data-collapsed="collapsed" data-savestate="true" data-tree="[{"path":"Basics","collapsed":true},{"path":"Basics/english","collapsed":true},{"path":"Blog","collapsed":true},{"path":"Book","collapsed":true},{"path":"Book/个人成长","collapsed":true},{"path":"Book/医学健康","collapsed":true},{"path":"Book/历史","collapsed":true},{"path":"Book/哲学宗教","collapsed":true},{"path":"Book/心理","collapsed":true},{"path":"Book/政治军事","collapsed":true},{"path":"Book/教育学习","collapsed":true},{"path":"Book/文学","collapsed":true},{"path":"Book/生活百科","collapsed":true},{"path":"Book/社会文化","collapsed":true},{"path":"Book/科学技术","collapsed":true},{"path":"Book/经济理财","collapsed":true},{"path":"Book/艺术","collapsed":true},{"path":"Book/计算机","collapsed":true},{"path":"Company","collapsed":true},{"path":"Company/信息化","collapsed":true},{"path":"Company/信息化/规范","collapsed":true},{"path":"Culture","collapsed":true},{"path":"Government","collapsed":true},{"path":"Government/中国","collapsed":true},{"path":"Government/中国/标准","collapsed":true},{"path":"Government/中国/法律","collapsed":true},{"path":"Journal","collapsed":true},{"path":"Journal/2022","collapsed":true},{"path":"Journal/2022/W34","collapsed":true},{"path":"Journal/2022/W35","collapsed":true},{"path":"Journal/2022/W36","collapsed":true},{"path":"Journal/202
|
|||
|
|
function toggleCallout() {
|
|||
|
|
const outerBlock = this.parentElement;
|
|||
|
|
outerBlock.classList.toggle(`is-collapsed`);
|
|||
|
|
const collapsed = outerBlock.classList.contains(`is-collapsed`);
|
|||
|
|
const height = collapsed ? this.scrollHeight : outerBlock.scrollHeight;
|
|||
|
|
outerBlock.style.maxHeight = height + `px`;
|
|||
|
|
let current = outerBlock;
|
|||
|
|
let parent = outerBlock.parentElement;
|
|||
|
|
while (parent) {
|
|||
|
|
if (!parent.classList.contains(`callout`)) {
|
|||
|
|
return;
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
const collapsed2 = parent.classList.contains(`is-collapsed`);
|
|||
|
|
const height2 = collapsed2 ? parent.scrollHeight : parent.scrollHeight + current.scrollHeight;
|
|||
|
|
parent.style.maxHeight = height2 + `px`;
|
|||
|
|
current = parent;
|
|||
|
|
parent = parent.parentElement;
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
function setupCallout() {
|
|||
|
|
const collapsible = document.getElementsByClassName(
|
|||
|
|
`callout is-collapsible`
|
|||
|
|
);
|
|||
|
|
for (const div of collapsible) {
|
|||
|
|
const title = div.firstElementChild;
|
|||
|
|
if (title) {
|
|||
|
|
title.removeEventListener(`click`, toggleCallout);
|
|||
|
|
title.addEventListener(`click`, toggleCallout);
|
|||
|
|
const collapsed = div.classList.contains(`is-collapsed`);
|
|||
|
|
const height = collapsed ? title.scrollHeight : div.scrollHeight;
|
|||
|
|
div.style.maxHeight = height + `px`;
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
document.addEventListener(`nav`, setupCallout);
|
|||
|
|
window.addEventListener(`resize`, setupCallout);
|
|||
|
|
</script><script type="module">
|
|||
|
|
import mermaid from 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/mermaid/dist/mermaid.esm.min.mjs';
|
|||
|
|
const darkMode = document.documentElement.getAttribute('saved-theme') === 'dark'
|
|||
|
|
mermaid.initialize({
|
|||
|
|
startOnLoad: false,
|
|||
|
|
securityLevel: 'loose',
|
|||
|
|
theme: darkMode ? 'dark' : 'default'
|
|||
|
|
});
|
|||
|
|
document.addEventListener('nav', async () => {
|
|||
|
|
await mermaid.run({
|
|||
|
|
querySelector: '.mermaid'
|
|||
|
|
})
|
|||
|
|
});
|
|||
|
|
</script><script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/katex@0.16.7/dist/contrib/copy-tex.min.js" type="application/javascript"></script><script src="../../../../postscript.js" type="module"></script></html>
|