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<html lang="zh"><head><title>微软及其Windows系统的历史发展</title><meta charset="utf-8"/><link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com"/><link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com"/><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=IBM Plex Mono&family=Noto Serif Simplified Chinese:wght@400;700&family=Source Sans Pro:ital,wght@0,400;0,600;1,400;1,600&display=swap"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/><meta property="og:title" content="微软及其Windows系统的历史发展"/><meta property="og:description" content="微软及其Windows系统的历史发展."/><meta property="og:image" content="https://wiki.7wate.com/static/og-image.png"/><meta property="og:width" content="1200"/><meta property="og:height" content="675"/><link rel="icon" href="../../../../static/icon.png"/><meta name="description" content="微软及其Windows系统的历史发展."/><meta name="generator" content="Quartz"/><link href="../../../../index.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" spa-preserve/><link href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/KaTeX/0.16.9/katex.min.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" spa-preserve/><script src="../../../../prescript.js" type="application/javascript" spa-preserve></script><script type="application/javascript" spa-preserve>const fetchData = fetch("../../../../static/contentIndex.json").then(data => data.json())</script></head><body data-slug="Technology/OperatingSystem/Windows/文化/微软及其Windows系统的历史发展"><div id="quartz-root" class="page"><div id="quartz-body"><div class="left sidebar"><h2 class="page-title"><a href="../../../..">🪴 X·Eden</a></h2><div class="spacer mobile-only"></div><div class="search"><button class="search-button" id="search-button"><p>搜索</p><svg role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 19.9 19.7"><title>Search</title><g class="search-path" fill="none"><path stroke-linecap="square" d="M18.5 18.3l-5.4-5.4"></path><circle cx="8" cy="8" r="7"></circle></g></svg></button><div id="search-container"><div id="search-space"><input autocomplete="off" id="search-bar" name="search" type="text" aria-label="搜索些什么" placeholder="搜索些什么"/><div id="search-layout" data-preview="true"></div></div></div></div><button class="darkmode" id="darkmode"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" id="dayIcon" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 35 35" style="enable-background:new 0 0 35 35" xml:space="preserve" aria-label="暗色模式"><title>暗色模式</title><path d="M6,17.5C6,16.672,5.328,16,4.5,16h-3C0.672,16,0,16.672,0,17.5 S0.672,19,1.5,19h3C5.328,19,6,18.328,6,17.5z M7.5,26c-0.414,0-0.789,0.168-1.061,0.439l-2,2C4.168,28.711,4,29.086,4,29.5 C4,30.328,4.671,31,5.5,31c0.414,0,0.789-0.168,1.06-0.44l2-2C8.832,28.289,9,27.914,9,27.5C9,26.672,8.329,26,7.5,26z M17.5,6 C18.329,6,19,5.328,19,4.5v-3C19,0.672,18.329,0,17.5,0S16,0.672,16,1.5v3C16,5.328,16.671,6,17.5,6z M27.5,9 c0.414,0,0.789-0.168,1.06-0.439l2-2C30.832,6.289,31,5.914,31,5.5C31,4.672,30.329,4,29.5,4c-0.414,0-0.789,0.168-1.061,0.44 l-2,2C26.168,6.711,26,7.086,26,7.5C26,8.328,26.671,9,27.5,9z M6.439,8.561C6.711,8.832,7.086,9,7.5,9C8.328,9,9,8.328,9,7.5 c0-0.414-0.168-0.789-0.439-1.061l-2-2C6.289,4.168,5.914,4,5.5,4C4.672,4,4,4.672,4,5.5c0,0.414,0.168,0.789,0.439,1.06 L6.439,8.561z M33.5,16h-3c-0.828,0-1.5,0.672-1.5,1.5s0.672,1.5,1.5,1.5h3c0.828,0,1.5-0.672,1.5-1.5S34.328,16,33.5,16z M28.561,26.439C28.289,26.168,27.914,26,27.5,26c-0.828,0-1.5,0.672-1.5,1.5c0,0.414,0.168,0.789,0.439,1.06l2,2 C28.711,30.832,29.086,31,29.5,31c0.828,0,1.5-0.672,1.5-1.5c0-0.414-0.168-0.789-0.439-1.061L28.561,26.439z M17.5,29 c-0.829,0-1.5,0.672-1.5,1.5v3c0,0.828,0.671,1.5,1.5,1.5s1.5-0.672,1.5-1.5v-3C19,29.672,18.329,29,17.5,29z M17.5,7 C11.71,7,7,11.71,7,17.5S11.71,28,17.5,28S28,23.29,28,17.5S23.29,7,17.5,7z M17.5,25c-4.136,0-7.5-3.364-7.5-7.5 c0-4.136,3.364-7.5,7.5-7.5c4.136,0,7.5,3.364,7.5,7.5C25,21.636,21.636,25,17.5,25z"></path
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<p>1975 年 4 月 4 日，比尔·盖茨和保罗·艾伦在新墨西哥州阿尔伯克基共同创立了微软公司。起初，微软专注于开发和销售 BASIC 解释器。1974 年底，艾伦在哈佛广场发现了介绍 Altair 8800 微型计算机的《流行电子学》杂志，激发了他与高中好友盖茨合作为这款计算机开发 BASIC 的灵感。这一合作的成功促成了微软的成立，盖茨为此离开了哈佛大学。</p>
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<p>微软的早期产品主要是为当时流行的家用计算机系统，如 Apple II 和 Commodore 64，开发的 Microsoft BASIC 的不同版本。他们的第一个硬件产品是 Z-80 SoftCard，使 Apple II 能运行业界标准的 CP/M 操作系统。1980 年，微软发布了其首个公开的操作系统 Xenix，一种基于 Unix 的系统。</p>
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<p>1980 年，微软开始与 IBM 合作，为 IBM 计算机提供操作系统。这一合作标志着微软在操作系统市场的重要转折点。在 IBM 与 Digital Research 的谈判失败后，IBM 选择了微软作为其 IBM PC 操作系统的提供者。微软购买了 86-DOS 系统，重命名为 IBM PC DOS，这成为了 IBM PC 的标准操作系统，并为后来广泛使用的 MS-DOS 奠定了基础。</p>
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<h2 id="windows-操作系统">Windows 操作系统<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#windows-操作系统" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h2>
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<p>自 1985 年首次推出以来，Windows 操作系统已成为全球最受欢迎的个人电脑操作系统之一。Windows 1.0 的发布标志着图形用户界面时代的到来，为用户提供了一个直观、易用的界面，相较于传统的命令行界面。</p>
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<p>进入 1990 年代，微软发布了 Windows 3.0 和 3.1，这些版本的成功标志着 Windows 的普及。随后，Windows 95、98、2000、XP 等版本陆续推出，每个版本都在功能、稳定性和用户界面上进行了创新。尤其是 Windows XP，它集成了早期版本的优势，成为微软历史上最成功的操作系统之一。</p>
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<p>21 世纪以来，Windows Vista、7、8 和 10 的发布，展示了微软在操作系统领域的持续进步，特别是在跨平台和云计算方面。Windows 10 的推出特别体现了微软对未来技术趋势的适应性。最新的 Windows 11 进一步展现了微软在用户界面设计和多任务处理方面的创新。</p>
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<p>Windows 操作系统的持续发展不仅反映了技术的革新，也展示了微软在市场策略和用户需求适应上的灵活性。面对苹果的 Mac OS 和各种 Linux 发行版的竞争，Windows 继续保持其在个人电脑操作系统市场的主导地位，对全球用户的计算体验产生了深远的影响。</p>
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<h3 id="发展历史">发展历史<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#发展历史" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h3>
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<ul>
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<li>
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<p><strong>1985 年</strong>：发布 Windows 1.0，引入图形用户界面。</p>
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</li>
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<li>
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<p><strong>1990 年</strong>：Windows 3.0 的推出，带来图形界面和性能的改进。</p>
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</li>
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<li>
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<p><strong>1995 年</strong>：Windows 95 发布，引入开始菜单，实现市场突破。</p>
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</li>
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<li>
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<p><strong>2001 年</strong>：推出 Windows XP，融合前代优势，获得巨大成功。</p>
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</li>
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<li>
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<p><strong>2007 年</strong>：Windows Vista 问世，带来 Aero 图形界面，但因兼容性和性能问题遭遇批评。</p>
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</li>
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<li>
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<p><strong>2009 年</strong>：发布 Windows 7，修复了 Vista 的问题，赢得市场和用户好评。</p>
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</li>
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<li>
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<p><strong>2012 年</strong>：Windows 8 发布，引入触摸屏优化的界面。</p>
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</li>
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<li>
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<p><strong>2015 年</strong>：推出 Windows 10，标志着微软在跨平台和云计算方面的重大进步。</p>
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</li>
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<li>
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<p><strong>2021 年</strong>：Windows 11 发布，带来全新的用户界面和对最新硬件的强化支持。</p>
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</li>
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</ul>
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<h2 id="产品和服务多样化">产品和服务多样化<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#产品和服务多样化" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h2>
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<p>微软不仅专注于 Windows 操作系统，还大力发展了其他产品和服务，表现出高度的多样性和创新：</p>
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<ul>
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<li><strong>Office 套件</strong>：包括 Word、Excel、PowerPoint 等，成为全球标准办公软件。</li>
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<li><strong>Xbox 游戏平台</strong>：推出 Xbox 系列游戏机和 Xbox Live 在线服务，成为游戏行业的关键参与者。</li>
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<li><strong>Surface 设备</strong>：推出一系列创新的个人电脑和平板设备，如 Surface Pro 和 Surface Laptop。</li>
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<li><strong>Azure 云服务</strong>：提供云计算、存储及多种企业级服务，成为微软转型的核心。</li>
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<li><strong>LinkedIn 和 Skype</strong>：收购这些公司后，微软在社交网络和通信领域的影响力得到扩展。</li>
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</ul>
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<p>微软的这一发展历程不仅体现了其在技术创新方面的领先地位，也展示了其对市场变化的快速响应和适应能力。从一个小型软件公司成长为全球科技巨头，微软不断扩展其影响力，覆盖了操作系统、办公软件、游戏娱乐、云计算等多个领域。微软的成功在于其不断追求创新，以及对用户需求和市场趋势的深刻理解。随着技术的不断进步，微软继续引领着全球计算技术的未来方向，为全世界的用户提供更加强大、便捷的技术解决方案。</p></article><hr/><div class="page-footer"></div></div><div class="right sidebar"><div class="graph"><h3>关系图谱</h3><div class="graph-outer"><div id="graph-container" data-cfg="{"drag":true,"zoom":true,"depth":1,"scale":1.1,"repelForce":0.5,"centerForce":0.3,"linkDistance":30,"fontSize":0.6,"opacityScale":1,"showTags":true,"removeTags":[],"focusOnHover":false}"></div><button id="global-graph-icon" aria-label="Global Graph"><svg version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 55 55" fill="currentColor" xml:space="preserve"><path d="M49,0c-3.309,0-6,2.691-6,6c0,1.035,0.263,2.009,0.726,2.86l-9.829,9.829C32.542,17.634,30.846,17,29,17
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s-2-0.897-2-2s0.897-2,2-2S47,39.897,47,41z M49,10c-2.206,0-4-1.794-4-4s1.794-4,4-4s4,1.794,4,4S51.206,10,49,10z"></path></svg></button></div><div id="global-graph-outer"><div id="global-graph-container" data-cfg="{"drag":true,"zoom":true,"depth":-1,"scale":0.9,"repelForce":0.5,"centerForce":0.3,"linkDistance":30,"fontSize":0.6,"opacityScale":1,"showTags":true,"removeTags":[],"focusOnHover":true}"></div></div></div><div class="toc desktop-only"><button type="button" id="toc" class aria-controls="toc-content" aria-expanded="true"><h3>目录</h3><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="fold"><polyline points="6 9 12 15 18 9"></polyline></svg></button><div id="toc-content" class><ul class="overflow"><li class="depth-0"><a href="#概述" data-for="概述">概述</a></li><li class="depth-0"><a href="#windows-操作系统" data-for="windows-操作系统">Windows 操作系统</a></li><li class="depth-1"><a href="#发展历史" data-for="发展历史">发展历史</a></li><li class="depth-0"><a href="#产品和服务多样化" data-for="产品和服务多样化">产品和服务多样化</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="explorer mobile-only"><button type="button" id="explorer" data-behavior="collapse" data-collapsed="collapsed" data-savestate="true" data-tree="[{"path":"Personal","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Blog","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Blog/2018","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Blog/2020","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Blog/2021","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Blog/2022","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Blog/2023","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Blog/2024","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Book","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Book/个人成长","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Book/医学健康","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Book/历史","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Book/哲学宗教","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Book/心理","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Book/政治军事","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Book/教育学习","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Book/文学","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Book/生活百科","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Book/社会文化","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Book/科学技术","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Book/经济理财","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Book/艺术","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Book/计算机","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Journal","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Journal/2022","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Journal/2022/W34","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Journal/2022/W35","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Journal/2022/W36","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Journal/2022/W37","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Journal/2022/W38","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Journal/2022/W39","collapsed":true},{"path":"Personal/Journal/
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await mermaid.run({
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querySelector: '.mermaid'
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})
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}
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|||
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});
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</script><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/KaTeX/0.16.9/contrib/copy-tex.min.js" type="application/javascript"></script><script src="../../../../postscript.js" type="module"></script></html>
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