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<html lang="zh"><head><title>Ansible</title><meta charset="utf-8"/><link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com"/><link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com"/><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=IBM Plex Mono&amp;family=Noto Serif Simplified Chinese:wght@400;700&amp;family=Source Sans Pro:ital,wght@0,400;0,600;1,400;1,600&amp;display=swap"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/><meta property="og:title" content="Ansible"/><meta property="og:description" content="Ansible 自动化运维管理."/><meta property="og:image" content="https://wiki.7wate.com/static/og-image.png"/><meta property="og:width" content="1200"/><meta property="og:height" content="675"/><link rel="icon" href="../../../static/icon.png"/><meta name="description" content="Ansible 自动化运维管理."/><meta name="generator" content="Quartz"/><link href="../../../index.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" spa-preserve/><link href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/KaTeX/0.16.9/katex.min.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" spa-preserve/><script src="../../../prescript.js" type="application/javascript" spa-preserve></script><script type="application/javascript" spa-preserve>const fetchData = fetch("../../../static/contentIndex.json").then(data => data.json())</script></head><body data-slug="Technology/OperatingSystem/Automation/Ansible"><div id="quartz-root" class="page"><div id="quartz-body"><div class="left sidebar"><h2 class="page-title"><a href="../../..">🪴 X·Eden</a></h2><div class="spacer mobile-only"></div><div class="search"><button class="search-button" id="search-button"><p>搜索</p><svg role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 19.9 19.7"><title>Search</title><g class="search-path" fill="none"><path stroke-linecap="square" d="M18.5 18.3l-5.4-5.4"></path><circle cx="8" cy="8" r="7"></circle></g></svg></button><div id="search-container"><div id="search-space"><input autocomplete="off" id="search-bar" name="search" type="text" aria-label="搜索些什么" placeholder="搜索些什么"/><div id="search-layout" data-preview="true"></div></div></div></div><button class="darkmode" id="darkmode"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" id="dayIcon" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 35 35" style="enable-background:new 0 0 35 35" xml:space="preserve" aria-label="暗色模式"><title>暗色模式</title><path d="M6,17.5C6,16.672,5.328,16,4.5,16h-3C0.672,16,0,16.672,0,17.5 S0.672,19,1.5,19h3C5.328,19,6,18.328,6,17.5z M7.5,26c-0.414,0-0.789,0.168-1.061,0.439l-2,2C4.168,28.711,4,29.086,4,29.5 C4,30.328,4.671,31,5.5,31c0.414,0,0.789-0.168,1.06-0.44l2-2C8.832,28.289,9,27.914,9,27.5C9,26.672,8.329,26,7.5,26z M17.5,6 C18.329,6,19,5.328,19,4.5v-3C19,0.672,18.329,0,17.5,0S16,0.672,16,1.5v3C16,5.328,16.671,6,17.5,6z M27.5,9 c0.414,0,0.789-0.168,1.06-0.439l2-2C30.832,6.289,31,5.914,31,5.5C31,4.672,30.329,4,29.5,4c-0.414,0-0.789,0.168-1.061,0.44 l-2,2C26.168,6.711,26,7.086,26,7.5C26,8.328,26.671,9,27.5,9z M6.439,8.561C6.711,8.832,7.086,9,7.5,9C8.328,9,9,8.328,9,7.5 c0-0.414-0.168-0.789-0.439-1.061l-2-2C6.289,4.168,5.914,4,5.5,4C4.672,4,4,4.672,4,5.5c0,0.414,0.168,0.789,0.439,1.06 L6.439,8.561z M33.5,16h-3c-0.828,0-1.5,0.672-1.5,1.5s0.672,1.5,1.5,1.5h3c0.828,0,1.5-0.672,1.5-1.5S34.328,16,33.5,16z M28.561,26.439C28.289,26.168,27.914,26,27.5,26c-0.828,0-1.5,0.672-1.5,1.5c0,0.414,0.168,0.789,0.439,1.06l2,2 C28.711,30.832,29.086,31,29.5,31c0.828,0,1.5-0.672,1.5-1.5c0-0.414-0.168-0.789-0.439-1.061L28.561,26.439z M17.5,29 c-0.829,0-1.5,0.672-1.5,1.5v3c0,0.828,0.671,1.5,1.5,1.5s1.5-0.672,1.5-1.5v-3C19,29.672,18.329,29,17.5,29z M17.5,7 C11.71,7,7,11.71,7,17.5S11.71,28,17.5,28S28,23.29,28,17.5S23.29,7,17.5,7z M17.5,25c-4.136,0-7.5-3.364-7.5-7.5 c0-4.136,3.364-7.5,7.5-7.5c4.136,0,7.5,3.364,7.5,7.5C25,21.636,21.636,25,17.5,25z"></path></svg><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" id="nightIcon" x="0px" y="0px" viewB
<p>Ansible 是一个开源的自动化工具，主要用于配置管理、应用部署、编排（Orchestration）等。由 Michael DeHaan 于 2012 年创建，Ansible 的设计理念是简单易用、无代理（Agentless）和基于推送的模型。通过简单的 YAML 文件（称为剧本，Playbooks）定义自动化任务，Ansible 能帮助系统管理员和开发人员在大量服务器上快速、可靠地执行各种操作。</p>
<h3 id="ansible-历史与发展">Ansible 历史与发展<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#ansible-历史与发展" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h3>
<p>Ansible 由 Michael DeHaan 创建，并在 2012 年发布首个版本。它迅速在 DevOps 社区中获得了广泛的关注和使用，因其易用性和强大的功能。2015 年，Ansible 被 Red Hat 收购，这使其发展得更为迅速和稳定。如今，Ansible 已成为业界领先的自动化工具之一，被广泛应用于各类企业和组织中。</p>
<h4 id="为什么选择-ansible">为什么选择 Ansible<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#为什么选择-ansible" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<ol>
<li><strong>简单易用</strong>：Ansible 采用 YAML 作为配置语言，简单明了，易于理解和编写。</li>
<li><strong>无代理架构</strong>：Ansible 不需要在被管理的节点上安装任何代理软件，减少了维护成本和复杂性。</li>
<li><strong>强大的模块支持</strong>：Ansible 提供了数百个模块，支持多种操作系统、云平台、网络设备等。</li>
<li><strong>声明式配置</strong>：Ansible 允许用户通过声明式配置文件定义所需状态，确保系统的一致性。</li>
<li><strong>社区活跃</strong>：Ansible 拥有一个活跃的开源社区，丰富的文档和资源，支持广泛。</li>
</ol>
<h3 id="ansible-架构概述">Ansible 架构概述<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#ansible-架构概述" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h3>
<p><img src="https://static.7wate.com/2024%2F05%2F16%2F60b689d609a756040c7d4bcbc25ab74a-Understanding-Ansible-Architecture-using-diagram3.png" alt/></p>
<p>Ansible 的架构设计非常简洁，主要包括以下几个组件：</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>控制节点（Control Node）</strong>：运行 Ansible 的机器，通常是管理员的工作站或管理服务器。所有的 Ansible 命令和 Playbook 都从控制节点执行。</li>
<li><strong>被管理节点（Managed Nodes）</strong>：通过 SSH 或 WinRM 连接并由 Ansible 控制的机器，这些节点可以是物理服务器、虚拟机、容器，或网络设备等。</li>
<li><strong>剧本（Playbooks）</strong>：使用 YAML 编写的配置文件，定义了一系列的任务和操作，用于配置、部署和编排多个被管理节点上的资源。</li>
<li><strong>模块（Modules）</strong>：Ansible 的基本执行单元，每个模块都实现了特定的功能，如安装软件包、管理文件、执行命令等。Ansible 提供了数百个内置模块，并允许用户编写自定义模块。</li>
<li><strong>插件（Plugins）</strong>：扩展 Ansible 功能的小程序，包括连接插件（connection plugins）、回调插件（callback plugins）、过滤插件（filter plugins）等，增强 Ansible 的灵活性和功能。</li>
<li><strong>清单（Inventory）</strong>：定义被管理节点及其分组信息的文件，可以是静态文件（如 INI 或 YAML 格式）或动态生成的脚本，支持定义主机变量和组变量。</li>
<li><strong>角色（Roles）</strong>：将剧本、任务、处理程序、变量、模板和文件等组织在一起的目录结构，用于复用和共享配置，实现配置管理的模块化和标准化。</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="ansible-主要特性">Ansible 主要特性<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#ansible-主要特性" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h3>
<h4 id="无代理架构">无代理架构<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#无代理架构" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<p>Ansible 采用无代理架构，这意味着它不需要在被管理的节点上安装任何软件或代理。Ansible 通过 SSH 进行通信，简化了管理和维护工作，并提高了系统的安全性和可靠性。</p>
<h4 id="基于-yaml-的配置">基于 YAML 的配置<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#基于-yaml-的配置" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<p>Ansible 使用 YAML 作为其配置语言。YAML 简洁直观，易于阅读和编写，特别适合用来编写配置文件。通过 YAML 文件，用户可以定义各种自动化任务，轻松实现复杂的操作。</p>
<h4 id="以声明式为中心">以声明式为中心<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#以声明式为中心" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<p>Ansible 采用声明式配置模型，用户只需定义期望的系统状态，Ansible 会自动计算并执行所需的操作，确保系统达到期望状态。这种方式减少了配置错误，提高了系统的一致性和可维护性。</p>
<h4 id="广泛的模块支持">广泛的模块支持<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#广泛的模块支持" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<p>Ansible 提供了丰富的内置模块，涵盖了几乎所有常见的系统管理和应用部署任务。此外，Ansible 还支持用户编写自定义模块，满足特殊需求。模块可以通过官方 Ansible Galaxy 平台共享和下载，进一步扩展了 Ansible 的功能和应用范围。</p>
<h3 id="ansible-应用场景">Ansible 应用场景<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#ansible-应用场景" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h3>
<h4 id="配置管理">配置管理<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#配置管理" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<p>Ansible 可以用于配置管理，自动化配置服务器和网络设备。通过剧本定义配置细节，Ansible 能够确保大规模环境中所有设备的一致性，简化了系统维护和升级工作。</p>
<h4 id="应用部署">应用部署<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#应用部署" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<p>Ansible 支持自动化应用部署，从代码拉取、编译、安装到配置，均可以通过剧本实现。无论是简单的单机应用，还是复杂的多节点分布式系统，Ansible 都能有效管理和部署。</p>
<h4 id="编排orchestration">编排（Orchestration）<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#编排orchestration" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<p>Ansible 不仅可以执行单个任务，还可以编排复杂的工作流程。通过定义依赖关系和执行顺序，Ansible 能够协调多个服务和系统的协同工作，确保在多步骤操作中各个环节的正确执行。</p>
<h2 id="ansible-安装与配置">Ansible 安装与配置<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#ansible-安装与配置" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h2>
<h3 id="系统要求">系统要求<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#系统要求" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h3>
<p>Ansible 设计为跨平台运行，支持多种操作系统，包括但不限于以下几种：</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>Linux</strong>：支持绝大多数发行版，如 Ubuntu、CentOS、Debian、Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) 等。</li>
<li><strong>macOS</strong>：可以在 macOS 上安装并运行 Ansible，用于开发和测试环境。</li>
<li><strong>Windows</strong>：通过 WSL（Windows Subsystem for Linux）或在 Windows 上安装 Cygwin，可以在 Windows 上运行 Ansible。</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>Ansible 运行时需要以下基本依赖项：</strong></p>
<ul>
<li><strong>Python</strong>：Ansible 需要 Python 2.7 或 Python 3.5 及以上版本。</li>
<li><strong>SSH</strong>：Ansible 通过 SSH 与被管理节点通信，需要在控制节点和被管理节点上配置 SSH。</li>
<li><strong>其他依赖</strong>：根据具体模块需求，可能需要额外安装一些依赖包，例如用于云平台管理的 SDK。</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="ansible-安装步骤">Ansible 安装步骤<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#ansible-安装步骤" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h3>
<h4 id="在不同操作系统上的安装">在不同操作系统上的安装<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#在不同操作系统上的安装" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<h5 id="ubuntu">Ubuntu<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#ubuntu" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h5>
<p>在 Ubuntu 上安装 Ansible 非常简单，可以通过官方的包管理器 APT 进行安装：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> apt</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> update</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> apt</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> install</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> ansible</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<h5 id="centos">CentOS<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#centos" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h5>
<p>在 CentOS 上，可以通过 EPEL（Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux）库安装 Ansible：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> yum</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> install</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> epel-release</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">sudo</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> yum</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> install</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> ansible</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<h5 id="macos">macOS<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#macos" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h5>
<p>在 macOS 上，可以使用 Homebrew 来安装 Ansible：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">brew</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> install</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> ansible</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<h4 id="通过-python-pip-安装">通过 Python Pip 安装<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#通过-python-pip-安装" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<p>可以使用 Python 的包管理器 pip 来安装 Ansible，这种方法适用于任何支持 Python 的操作系统：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">pip</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> install</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> ansible</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<h4 id="从源代码安装">从源代码安装<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#从源代码安装" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<p>从源代码安装适用于需要最新功能或定制 Ansible 的场景：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">git</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> clone</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> https://github.com/ansible/ansible.git</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">cd</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> ansible</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">source</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> ./hacking/env-setup</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<p>这种方法需要额外的依赖包，具体可以参考 Ansible 官方文档。</p>
<h3 id="ansible-配置方法">Ansible 配置方法<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#ansible-配置方法" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h3>
<h4 id="ansible-配置文件结构ansiblecfg">Ansible 配置文件结构（ansible.cfg）<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#ansible-配置文件结构ansiblecfg" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<p>Ansible 的配置文件 <code>ansible.cfg</code> 允许用户自定义 Ansible 的运行参数。该文件通常位于以下位置之一：</p>
<ol>
<li>当前目录下的 <code>ansible.cfg</code></li>
<li>用户主目录下的 <code>.ansible.cfg</code></li>
<li>全局配置文件 <code>/etc/ansible/ansible.cfg</code></li>
</ol>
<p>一个典型的 <code>ansible.cfg</code> 文件结构如下：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="ini" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="ini" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">[defaults]</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">inventory</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> = ./hosts</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">remote_user</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> = ansible</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">private_key_file</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> = ~/.ssh/id_rsa</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">host_key_checking</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> = False</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">[privilege_escalation]</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">become</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> = True</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">become_method</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> = sudo</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">become_user</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> = root</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">become_ask_pass</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> = False</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">[ssh_connection]</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">ssh_args</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> = -o </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">ControlMaster</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">=auto -o </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">ControlPersist</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">=60s</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">pipelining</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> = True</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<h4 id="ansible-配置文件优先级">Ansible 配置文件优先级<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#ansible-配置文件优先级" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<p>Ansible 允许在多个位置定义配置文件，并根据以下优先级顺序应用配置：</p>
<ol>
<li><strong>命令行参数</strong>：直接在命令行上指定的参数优先级最高。</li>
<li><strong>环境变量</strong>：通过环境变量设置的配置次高优先级。</li>
<li><strong>ansible.cfg 文件：</strong>
<ol>
<li>当前目录下的 <code>ansible.cfg</code></li>
<li>用户主目录下的 <code>.ansible.cfg</code></li>
<li>全局配置文件 <code>/etc/ansible/ansible.cfg</code></li>
</ol>
</li>
<li><strong>模块参数</strong>：模块内部的参数配置。</li>
<li><strong>默认值</strong>：Ansible 内部的默认值。</li>
</ol>
<h4 id="常用配置选项">常用配置选项<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#常用配置选项" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<div class="table-container"><table><thead><tr><th>配置选项</th><th>说明</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>inventory</td><td>定义主机清单文件的位置。</td></tr><tr><td>remote_user</td><td>指定远程主机的默认用户。</td></tr><tr><td>private_key_file</td><td>定义用于 SSH 连接的私钥文件。</td></tr><tr><td>host_key_checking</td><td>是否检查 SSH 主机密钥，默认启用。</td></tr><tr><td>retry_files_enabled</td><td>是否生成重试文件，默认启用。</td></tr><tr><td>log_path</td><td>指定 Ansible 运行日志的存储路径。</td></tr><tr><td>become</td><td>是否启用权限提升（如 sudo）。</td></tr><tr><td>become_method</td><td>权限提升的方法（如 sudo 或 su）。</td></tr><tr><td>become_user</td><td>权限提升后的目标用户。</td></tr><tr><td>become_ask_pass</td><td>是否提示输入密码用于权限提升。</td></tr><tr><td>ssh_args</td><td>定制 SSH 连接参数。</td></tr><tr><td>pipelining</td><td>启用管道以提高性能。</td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<h4 id="ssh-密钥和认证配置">SSH 密钥和认证配置<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#ssh-密钥和认证配置" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<p>Ansible 通过 SSH 与被管理节点通信，配置 SSH 密钥认证可以提高安全性和自动化程度。</p>
<ol>
<li><strong>生成 SSH 密钥对</strong>：</li>
</ol>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">ssh-keygen</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> -t</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> rsa</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> -b</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 4096</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> -C</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> &quot;your_email@example.com&quot;</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<p>生成的密钥文件通常存储在 <code>~/.ssh/</code> 目录下。</p>
<ol>
<li><strong>将公钥添加到被管理节点</strong>：</li>
</ol>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">ssh-copy-id</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> user@remote_host</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<p>或者手动将公钥添加到被管理节点的 <code>~/.ssh/authorized_keys</code> 文件中。</p>
<ol>
<li><strong>配置 SSH 代理（可选）</strong>： 使用 SSH 代理可以管理多个 SSH 密钥，提高连接效率：</li>
</ol>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">eval</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> &quot;$(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">ssh-agent</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> -s</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">)&quot;</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">ssh-add</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> ~/.ssh/id_rsa</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<p>通过上述步骤，Ansible 可以无密码地通过 SSH 访问被管理节点，从而实现自动化操作。</p>
<h2 id="ansible-自动化管理基础">Ansible 自动化管理基础<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#ansible-自动化管理基础" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h2>
<h3 id="ansible-playbooks">Ansible Playbooks<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#ansible-playbooks" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h3>
<h4 id="playbook-的基本结构">Playbook 的基本结构<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#playbook-的基本结构" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<p>Playbook 是 Ansible 的核心配置文件，用于定义一系列自动化任务。它使用 YAML 格式编写，主要由 Plays 和 Tasks 组成。一个典型的 Playbook 结构如下：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">- </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Describe the purpose of the playbook</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> hosts</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">target_hosts_group</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> become</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">yes</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> vars</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> variable_name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">value</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> tasks</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Describe the task</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> module_name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> module_option</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">value</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<h4 id="playbook-的常用关键字">Playbook 的常用关键字<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#playbook-的常用关键字" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<div class="table-container"><table><thead><tr><th>关键字</th><th>说明</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><code>name</code></td><td>描述 Play 或 Task 的名称，便于阅读和调试。</td></tr><tr><td><code>hosts</code></td><td>指定目标主机或主机组，可以是一个或多个主机组名。</td></tr><tr><td><code>become</code></td><td>是否启用权限提升（如 sudo），默认值为 <code>no</code>。</td></tr><tr><td><code>vars</code></td><td>定义在 Play 级别的变量，适用于整个 Play。</td></tr><tr><td><code>tasks</code></td><td>任务列表，每个任务调用一个模块执行特定操作。</td></tr><tr><td><code>roles</code></td><td>指定在 Play 中包含的角色，角色是一个组织良好的任务集合。</td></tr><tr><td><code>handlers</code></td><td>定义事件触发的任务，当其他任务通知这些处理程序时执行。</td></tr><tr><td><code>environment</code></td><td>指定任务或 Play 级别的环境变量。</td></tr><tr><td><code>gather_facts</code></td><td>是否在 Play 开始时收集远程主机的信息，默认值为 <code>yes</code>。</td></tr><tr><td><code>notify</code></td><td>通知一个或多个处理程序在任务完成时执行。</td></tr><tr><td><code>when</code></td><td>条件语句，用于在特定条件下执行任务。</td></tr><tr><td><code>with_items</code></td><td>循环语句，用于在任务中迭代一个列表。</td></tr><tr><td><code>register</code></td><td>捕获任务的输出结果并存储在变量中。</td></tr><tr><td><code>tags</code></td><td>为任务或 Play 打标签，便于选择性地运行特定任务或 Play。</td></tr><tr><td><code>ignore_errors</code></td><td>是否忽略任务执行中的错误，继续执行后续任务。</td></tr><tr><td><code>delegate_to</code></td><td>将任务委派给指定的主机执行，而不是在目标主机上执行。</td></tr><tr><td><code>serial</code></td><td>控制任务并行执行的主机数量或批次大小。</td></tr><tr><td><code>max_fail_percentage</code></td><td>允许的最大失败百分比，超过此比例时停止 Play。</td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<h4 id="编写和运行第一个-playbook">编写和运行第一个 Playbook<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#编写和运行第一个-playbook" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<ol>
<li><strong>编写 Playbook 文件</strong>（如 <code>first_playbook.yml</code>）：</li>
</ol>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">- </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Install and start Apache web server</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> hosts</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">webservers</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> become</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">yes</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> tasks</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Install Apache</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> apt</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">apache2</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> state</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">present</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Start Apache service</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> service</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">apache2</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> state</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">started</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<ol>
<li><strong>运行 Playbook</strong>：</li>
</ol>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="bash" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="bash" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">ansible-playbook</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> first_playbook.yml</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<p>在此示例中，Playbook 定义了一个 Play，包含两个任务：一个用于安装 Apache Web 服务器，另一个用于启动 Apache 服务。<code>hosts</code> 指定了目标主机组为 <code>webservers</code>，并通过 <code>become: yes</code> 启用权限提升（通常是 sudo）。</p>
<h4 id="多-play-和任务的组织">多 Play 和任务的组织<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#多-play-和任务的组织" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<p>一个 Playbook 可以包含多个 Play，每个 Play 针对不同的主机组或执行不同的任务。这种结构有助于在一个 Playbook 中管理复杂的部署场景。</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">- </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Setup web servers</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> hosts</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">webservers</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> become</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">yes</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> tasks</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Install Apache</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> apt</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">apache2</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> state</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">present</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Start Apache service</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> service</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">apache2</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> state</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">started</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">- </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Setup database servers</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> hosts</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">dbservers</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> become</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">yes</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> tasks</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Install MySQL</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> apt</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">mysql-server</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> state</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">present</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Start MySQL service</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> service</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">mysql</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> state</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">started</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<p>在此示例中，Playbook 包含两个 Play：第一个 Play 针对 <code>webservers</code> 主机组，安装并启动 Apache Web 服务器；第二个 Play 针对 <code>dbservers</code> 主机组，安装并启动 MySQL 数据库服务。</p>
<p>通过组织多个 Play 和任务，可以在一个 Playbook 中处理多种部署需求，提高配置管理的灵活性和可维护性。</p>
<h3 id="ansible-模块">Ansible 模块<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#ansible-模块" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h3>
<h4 id="常用模块">常用模块<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#常用模块" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<div class="table-container"><table><thead><tr><th>模块名称</th><th>用途</th><th>示例</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><code>file</code></td><td>管理文件和目录</td><td><code>yaml\n- name: Create a directory\n file:\n path: /path/to/directory\n state: directory\n</code></td></tr><tr><td><code>service</code></td><td>管理服务</td><td><code>yaml\n- name: Start a service\n service:\n name: nginx\n state: started\n</code></td></tr><tr><td><code>command</code></td><td>执行命令</td><td><code>yaml\n- name: Run a command\n command: /usr/bin/uptime\n</code></td></tr><tr><td><code>shell</code></td><td>执行 shell 命令</td><td><code>yaml\n- name: Run a shell command\n shell: echo &quot;Hello, world!&quot; > /tmp/hello.txt\n</code></td></tr><tr><td><code>copy</code></td><td>复制文件到远程主机</td><td><code>yaml\n- name: Copy a file\n copy:\n src: /local/path/to/file\n dest: /remote/path/to/file\n</code></td></tr><tr><td><code>template</code></td><td>使用 Jinja2 模板渲染并复制文件到远程主机</td><td><code>yaml\n- name: Deploy configuration file from template\n template:\n src: /path/to/template.j2\n dest: /path/to/destination\n</code></td></tr><tr><td><code>yum</code></td><td>使用 YUM 包管理器安装、卸载包（适用于 RHEL 系）</td><td><code>yaml\n- name: Install a package using yum\n yum:\n name: httpd\n state: present\n</code></td></tr><tr><td><code>apt</code></td><td>使用 APT 包管理器安装、卸载包（适用于 Debian 系）</td><td><code>yaml\n- name: Install a package using apt\n apt:\n name: apache2\n state: present\n</code></td></tr><tr><td><code>user</code></td><td>管理用户</td><td><code>yaml\n- name: Create a user\n user:\n name: username\n state: present\n password: password_hash\n</code></td></tr><tr><td><code>group</code></td><td>管理用户组</td><td><code>yaml\n- name: Create a group\n group:\n name: groupname\n state: present\n</code></td></tr><tr><td><code>cron</code></td><td>管理 cron 作业</td><td><code>yaml\n- name: Add a cron job\n cron:\n name: &quot;backup script&quot;\n minute: &quot;0&quot;\n hour: &quot;2&quot;\n job: &quot;/path/to/backup.sh&quot;\n</code></td></tr><tr><td><code>git</code></td><td>管理 Git 仓库</td><td><code>yaml\n- name: Clone a Git repository\n git:\n repo: &quot;https://github.com/repo.git&quot;\n dest: &quot;/path/to/destination&quot;\n</code></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<p>每个模块都有特定的参数和选项，可以在 Ansible 官方文档中查找详细信息。例如，<code>file</code> 模块的常用参数包括 <code>path</code>、<code>state</code>、<code>owner</code>、<code>group</code> 等。</p>
<h4 id="自定义模块">自定义模块<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#自定义模块" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<p>如果内置模块不能满足需求，可以编写自定义模块。自定义模块可以使用 Python 编写，并放置在库路径中。</p>
<p>示例自定义模块（<code>my_module.py</code>）：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="python" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="python" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;">#!/usr/bin/python</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">from</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> ansible.module_utils.basic </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">import</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> AnsibleModule</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">def</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> run_module</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">():</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> module_args </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> dict</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;"> name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">dict</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">type</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'str'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">required</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">True</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">)</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> )</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> module </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> AnsibleModule(</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;"> argument_spec</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">module_args,</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;"> supports_check_mode</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">True</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> )</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> result </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> dict</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;"> changed</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">False</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">,</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;"> message</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">''</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> )</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> name </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> module.params[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'name'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">]</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> result[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'message'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">] </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> f</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'Hello, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">{</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">}</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">!'</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> if</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> module.check_mode:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> module.exit_json(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">**</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">result)</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> module.exit_json(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">**</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">result)</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">def</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> main</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">():</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> run_module()</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">if</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> __name__</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> ==</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> '__main__'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> main()</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<p>运行自定义模块：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">- </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Use custom module</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> hosts</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">localhost</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> tasks</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Call custom module</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> my_module</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Ansible</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<h3 id="ansible-变量和模板">Ansible 变量和模板<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#ansible-变量和模板" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h3>
<h4 id="变量的定义与使用">变量的定义与使用<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#变量的定义与使用" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<p>变量可以在多个地方定义，如 Playbook、清单文件、角色等：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">- </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Example with variables</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> hosts</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">localhost</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> vars</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> http_port</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">80</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> tasks</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Display variable</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> debug</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> msg</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">&quot;HTTP port is {{ http_port }}&quot;</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<h4 id="变量优先级">变量优先级<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#变量优先级" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<p>Ansible 变量的优先级从低到高依次为：</p>
<ol>
<li>角色默认变量（role defaults）</li>
<li>组变量（group vars）</li>
<li>主机变量（host vars）</li>
<li>播放（Play）中的变量</li>
<li>任务（Task）中的变量</li>
<li>命令行定义的变量（使用 <code>-e</code> 参数）</li>
</ol>
<p>这个优先级决定了当同一个变量在多个地方定义时，哪个值会被使用。</p>
<h4 id="jinja2-模板语法">Jinja2 模板语法<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#jinja2-模板语法" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<p>Ansible 使用 Jinja2 作为模板引擎，支持复杂的模板生成。模板文件通常以 <code>.j2</code> 结尾，放置在 <code>templates</code> 目录下。</p>
<p>示例模板文件（<code>config.j2</code>）：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="jinja2" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="jinja2" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span>## 变量替换</span></span>
<span data-line><span>Hello, {{ name }}!</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span>## 条件语句</span></span>
<span data-line><span>{% if http_port == 80 %}</span></span>
<span data-line><span> server {</span></span>
<span data-line><span> listen 80;</span></span>
<span data-line><span> }</span></span>
<span data-line><span>{% else %}</span></span>
<span data-line><span> server {</span></span>
<span data-line><span> listen {{ http_port }};</span></span>
<span data-line><span> }</span></span>
<span data-line><span>{% endif %}</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span>## 循环语句</span></span>
<span data-line><span>{% for user in users %}</span></span>
<span data-line><span> user {{ user.name }} with id {{ user.id }}</span></span>
<span data-line><span>{% endfor %}</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<h4 id="使用模板生成配置文件">使用模板生成配置文件<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#使用模板生成配置文件" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<p>可以使用 <code>template</code> 模块将 Jinja2 模板渲染为实际配置文件，并部署到目标主机上。</p>
<p>示例 Playbook（<code>deploy_config.yml</code>）：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">- </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Deploy configuration file</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> hosts</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">webservers</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> become</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">yes</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> vars</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> http_port</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">80</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> server_name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">example.com</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> proxy_url</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">127.0.0.1:8080</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> tasks</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Deploy nginx configuration</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> template</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> src</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">templates/nginx.conf.j2</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> dest</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">/etc/nginx/sites-available/default</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> notify</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">restart nginx</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> handlers</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">restart nginx</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> service</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">nginx</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> state</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">restarted</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<p>示例模板文件（<code>nginx.conf.j2</code>）：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="nginx" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="nginx" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">server</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> {</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> listen </span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">{{ http_port }};</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> server_name </span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">{{ server_name }};</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> </span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> location</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> / </span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">{</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;"> proxy_pass </span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">http://{{ proxy_url }};</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> }</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">}</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<p>在此 Playbook 中，<code>template</code> 模块会将 <code>templates/nginx.conf.j2</code> 文件渲染为实际的配置文件，并部署到 <code>/etc/nginx/sites-available/default</code>。如果模板内容发生变化，通知部分会触发 <code>restart nginx</code> 处理程序，重启 nginx 服务以应用新的配置。</p>
<p>通过这种方式，可以使用 Ansible 自动化生成和部署配置文件，大大简化了系统配置管理的工作，并确保配置的一致性和可重复性。</p>
<h2 id="ansible-高级应用技巧">Ansible 高级应用技巧<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#ansible-高级应用技巧" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h2>
<h3 id="ansible-角色">Ansible 角色<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#ansible-角色" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h3>
<h4 id="角色的结构与组成">角色的结构与组成<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#角色的结构与组成" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<p>角色（Roles）是 Ansible 中的一种组织方式，用于将 Playbooks 和相关文件（如任务、处理程序、变量、模板等）结构化和模块化。角色的目录结构通常如下：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="css" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="css" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">roles/</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> └── role_name/</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> ├── tasks/</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> │ └── </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">main</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">.yml</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> ├── handlers/</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> │ └── </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">main</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">.yml</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> ├── templates/</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> │ └── template_file</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">.j2</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> ├── files/</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> │ └── file_name</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> ├── vars/</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> │ └── </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">main</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">.yml</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> ├── defaults/</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> │ └── </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">main</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">.yml</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> ├── meta/</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> │ └── </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">main</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">.yml</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> └── README</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">.md</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<ul>
<li><strong>tasks</strong>：存放主要任务列表（<code>main.yml</code> 是入口文件）。</li>
<li><strong>handlers</strong>：存放处理程序（<code>main.yml</code> 是入口文件）。</li>
<li><strong>templates</strong>：存放 Jinja2 模板文件。</li>
<li><strong>files</strong>：存放需要复制到远程主机的静态文件。</li>
<li><strong>vars</strong>：存放角色专用变量。</li>
<li><strong>defaults</strong>：存放默认变量。</li>
<li><strong>meta</strong>：存放角色的元数据，如依赖关系。</li>
<li><strong>README.md</strong>：角色的说明文档，描述角色的用途、用法等。</li>
</ul>
<h4 id="创建和使用角色">创建和使用角色<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#创建和使用角色" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<ol>
<li><strong>创建角色</strong>：</li>
</ol>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="bash" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="bash" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">ansible-galaxy</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> init</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> my_role</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<p>这条命令会生成上述结构的角色目录。</p>
<ol>
<li><strong>定义任务</strong>（<code>roles/my_role/tasks/main.yml</code>）：</li>
</ol>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">- </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Install Apache</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> apt</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">apache2</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> state</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">present</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">- </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Start Apache service</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> service</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">apache2</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> state</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">started</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<p>在这个例子中，定义了两个任务：一个用于安装 Apache，另一个用于启动 Apache 服务。</p>
<ol>
<li><strong>在 Playbook 中使用角色</strong>：</li>
</ol>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">- </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Apply my role</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> hosts</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">webservers</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> roles</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">my_role</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<p>在 Playbook 中，通过 <code>roles</code> 关键字引用角色。</p>
<h4 id="角色的共享与重用ansible-galaxy">角色的共享与重用（Ansible Galaxy）<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#角色的共享与重用ansible-galaxy" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<p>Ansible Galaxy 是 Ansible 官方的角色分享平台，用户可以在上面发布和下载角色，方便角色的共享与重用。</p>
<ol>
<li><strong>安装角色</strong>：</li>
</ol>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">ansible-galaxy</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> install</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> username.role_name</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<p>可以从 Galaxy 下载并安装角色。安装的角色通常会存放在 Ansible 的角色路径中（默认是 <code>/etc/ansible/roles</code> 或 <code>~/.ansible/roles</code>）。</p>
<ol>
<li><strong>使用已安装的角色</strong>：</li>
</ol>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">- </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Use a role from Ansible Galaxy</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> hosts</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">webservers</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> roles</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">username.role_name</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<p>在 Playbook 中通过 <code>roles</code> 关键字引用已经安装的角色。</p>
<p>通过使用 Ansible 角色，可以将复杂的 Playbook 结构化、模块化，使得配置管理更为清晰、可维护。同时，通过 Ansible Galaxy 平台，可以方便地共享和重用角色，提升团队协作和生产效率。</p>
<h3 id="ansible-动态-inventory">Ansible 动态 Inventory<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#ansible-动态-inventory" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h3>
<h4 id="静态-vs-动态-inventory">静态 Vs 动态 Inventory<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#静态-vs-动态-inventory" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<p>静态 Inventory 是一个简单的文本文件，列出所有被管理节点及其分组。动态 Inventory 则是通过脚本或插件生成的，适用于云环境或动态变化的基础设施。</p>
<p>示例静态 Inventory（<code>hosts</code>）：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="ini" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="ini" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">[webservers]</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">web1.example.com</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">web2.example.com</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">[dbservers]</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">db1.example.com</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">db2.example.com</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<h4 id="动态-inventory-脚本编写">动态 Inventory 脚本编写<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#动态-inventory-脚本编写" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<p>动态 Inventory 脚本可以用任何语言编写，只要它能输出 JSON 格式的主机和组信息。例如，使用 Python 编写一个简单的动态 Inventory 脚本（<code>my_inventory.py</code>）：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="python" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="python" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;">#!/usr/bin/env python</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">import</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> json</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">inventory </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> {</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> &quot;webservers&quot;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: {</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> &quot;hosts&quot;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: [</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">&quot;web1.example.com&quot;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">&quot;web2.example.com&quot;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">],</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> },</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> &quot;dbservers&quot;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: {</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> &quot;hosts&quot;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: [</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">&quot;db1.example.com&quot;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">&quot;db2.example.com&quot;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">],</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> }</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">}</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">print</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(json.dumps(inventory))</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<p>运行 Playbook 时使用该脚本：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="bash" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="bash" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">ansible-playbook</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> -i</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> my_inventory.py</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> my_playbook.yml</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<h4 id="常用的动态-inventory-插件如-awsazure">常用的动态 Inventory 插件（如 AWS、Azure）<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#常用的动态-inventory-插件如-awsazure" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<p>Ansible 提供了多种动态 Inventory 插件，支持 AWS、Azure、GCP 等云平台。</p>
<ol>
<li><strong>AWS 动态 Inventory</strong>： 安装 <code>boto3</code>：</li>
</ol>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">pip</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> install</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> boto3</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<p>创建 <code>aws_ec2.yml</code> 配置文件，使用 <code>aws_ec2</code> 插件：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">plugin</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">aws_ec2</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">regions</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">us-east-1</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">filters</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> instance-state-name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">running</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">keyed_groups</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">key</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">tags.Name</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> prefix</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">tag</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">key</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">tags.Environment</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> prefix</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">env</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<p>使用该配置文件运行 Playbook：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="bash" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="bash" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">ansible-playbook</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> -i</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> aws_ec2.yml</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> my_playbook.yml</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<ol>
<li><strong>Azure 动态 Inventory</strong>： 安装 <code>azure-cli</code> 和 <code>azure-mgmt</code>：</li>
</ol>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="bash" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="bash" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">pip</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> install</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> azure-cli</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> azure-mgmt</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<p>使用 <code>azure_rm</code> 插件：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">plugin</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">azure_rm</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">include_vm_resource_groups</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">myResourceGroup</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">auth_source</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">auto</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<p>使用该配置文件运行 Playbook：</p>
<pre><code>ansible-playbook -i azure_rm.yml my_playbook.yml
</code></pre>
<ol>
<li><strong>GCP 动态 Inventory</strong></li>
</ol>
<p>安装 <code>google-auth</code> 和 <code>google-api-python-client</code> 库：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="bash" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="bash" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">pip</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> install</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> google-auth</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> google-api-python-client</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<p>创建 <code>gcp_compute.yml</code> 配置文件，使用 <code>gcp_compute</code> 插件：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">plugin</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">gcp_compute</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">projects</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">my-gcp-project</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">filters</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">status = RUNNING</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">auth_kind</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">serviceaccount</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">service_account_file</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">/path/to/service-account.json</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<p>使用该配置文件运行 Playbook：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="bash" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="bash" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">ansible-playbook</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> -i</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> gcp_compute.yml</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> my_playbook.yml</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<p>通过动态 Inventory，可以自动发现和管理云环境中的资源，提高自动化程度和灵活性。这在动态变化的基础设施中尤其有用，确保 Ansible 的管理目标始终是最新的。</p>
<h3 id="ansible-vault">Ansible Vault<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#ansible-vault" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h3>
<h4 id="使用-vault-加密敏感数据">使用 Vault 加密敏感数据<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#使用-vault-加密敏感数据" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<p>Ansible Vault 用于加密敏感数据，如密码、密钥等，确保这些信息在存储和传输过程中不会被泄露。以下是 Ansible Vault 的基本使用方法：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"># 1.加密文件</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">ansible-vault</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> encrypt</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> secret.yml</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"># 2.解密文件</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">ansible-vault</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> decrypt</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> secret.yml</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"># 3.编辑加密文件</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">ansible-vault</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> edit</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> secret.yml</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"># 4.查看加密文件</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">ansible-vault</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> view</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> secret.yml</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"># 5.重新加密文件（更改加密密码）</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">ansible-vault</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> rekey</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> secret.yml</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<h4 id="vault-的管理和使用">Vault 的管理和使用<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#vault-的管理和使用" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<p>为了更方便地管理 Vault，可以在 <code>ansible.cfg</code> 中指定 Vault 密码文件，这样在运行 Playbook 时无需每次手动输入密码：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="ini" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="ini" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">[defaults]</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">vault_password_file</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> = /path/to/.vault_pass.txt</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<p><code>/path/to/.vault_pass.txt</code> 文件中应只包含 Vault 密码，且该文件应设置为仅有文件所有者可读写：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">chmod</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 600</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> /path/to/.vault_pass.txt</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<p>如果不希望将密码写入文件，也可以使用命令行参数 <code>--ask-vault-pass</code>：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">ansible-playbook</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> --ask-vault-pass</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> my_playbook.yml</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<h4 id="在-playbooks-中集成-vault">在 Playbooks 中集成 Vault<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#在-playbooks-中集成-vault" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<p>在 Playbook 中使用 Vault 加密的变量文件时，可以通过 <code>vars_files</code> 引用这些文件：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">- </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Deploy with Vault</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> hosts</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">webservers</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> vars_files</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">secret.yml</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> tasks</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Use encrypted variable</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> debug</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> msg</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">&quot;The secret is {{ vault_secret }}&quot;</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<p>在这个示例中，<code>secret.yml</code> 是一个加密的变量文件，其中包含敏感数据。Ansible 会在运行 Playbook 时解密并加载这些变量。</p>
<h4 id="vault-id-和多-vault-支持">Vault ID 和多 Vault 支持<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#vault-id-和多-vault-支持" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<p>Ansible Vault 支持使用多个 Vault ID 来加密不同级别或类型的敏感数据。使用 <code>--vault-id</code> 选项可以指定不同的 Vault 密码文件或密码提示命令。</p>
<p>例如，加密文件时指定 Vault ID：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">ansible-vault encrypt --vault-id dev@prompt secret_dev.yml</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">ansible-vault encrypt --vault-id prod@/path/to/prod_vault_pass.txt secret_prod.yml</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<p>在 Playbook 中引用不同 Vault ID 的变量文件：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">- </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Deploy with Vault IDs</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> hosts</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">webservers</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> vars_files</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">vault_id</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">dev</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> file</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">secret_dev.yml</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">vault_id</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">prod</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> file</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">secret_prod.yml</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> tasks</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Use dev encrypted variable</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> debug</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> msg</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">&quot;Dev secret is {{ dev_secret }}&quot;</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Use prod encrypted variable</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> debug</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> msg</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">&quot;Prod secret is {{ prod_secret }}&quot;</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<p>运行 Playbook 时，指定 Vault ID 和密码文件：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">ansible-playbook --vault-id dev@prompt --vault-id prod@/path/to/prod_vault_pass.txt my_playbook.yml</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<p>通过 Ansible Vault，可以有效地保护敏感数据，确保自动化流程的安全性，同时保持操作的便捷性和高效性。</p>
<h2 id="ansible-与其他自动化工具的比较">Ansible 与其他自动化工具的比较<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#ansible-与其他自动化工具的比较" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h2>
<div class="table-container"><table><thead><tr><th>维度</th><th>Ansible</th><th>Puppet</th><th>Chef</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>架构</strong></td><td>无代理架构，通过 SSH 或 WinRM 与被管理节点通信</td><td>有代理架构，需要在被管理节点上安装 Puppet Agent</td><td>有代理架构，需要在被管理节点上安装 Chef Client</td></tr><tr><td><strong>通信模型</strong></td><td>基于推送模型，由控制节点推送任务到被管理节点执行</td><td>基于拉取模型，被管理节点定期向 Puppet Master 拉取配置</td><td>基于拉取模型，被管理节点定期向 Chef Server 拉取配置</td></tr><tr><td><strong>配置语言</strong></td><td>使用 YAML 编写 Playbook，直观易读</td><td>使用 Puppet 自定义的声明式语言编写清单（Manifest）</td><td>使用 Ruby 编写食谱（Cookbooks），脚本式语言，灵活性高</td></tr><tr><td><strong>学习曲线</strong></td><td>简单易用，适合快速上手</td><td>学习曲线较为陡峭</td><td>学习曲线较陡，需要掌握 Ruby</td></tr><tr><td><strong>适用场景</strong></td><td>临时和一次性任务、多平台支持、快速部署和小型团队</td><td>大规模配置管理、复杂依赖管理、企业级功能</td><td>复杂和大型环境管理、需要复杂逻辑和自定义的场景</td></tr><tr><td><strong>模块支持</strong></td><td>内置丰富的模块，适用于多种场景</td><td>提供丰富的模块和企业级工具</td><td>提供灵活的配置和扩展能力</td></tr><tr><td><strong>依赖管理</strong></td><td>依赖管理能力相对较弱</td><td>强大的资源依赖管理能力</td><td>灵活的依赖管理和配置能力</td></tr><tr><td><strong>企业级功能</strong></td><td>提供一些企业级功能，社区活跃，资源丰富</td><td>提供丰富的企业级功能和工具，如报告、审计、合规管理等</td><td>提供强大的企业级功能和支持</td></tr><tr><td><strong>性能</strong></td><td>由于采用 SSH 推送模型，在大规模环境中性能可能会受到限制</td><td>性能较好，适合大规模环境</td><td>性能较好，适合复杂和大型环境</td></tr><tr><td><strong>维护成本</strong></td><td>无代理架构，减少了管理和维护成本</td><td>需要管理和维护 Puppet Master 和 Agent</td><td>需要管理和维护 Chef Server 和 Client</td></tr><tr><td><strong>社区和支持</strong></td><td>拥有庞大且活跃的社区，提供丰富的资源和支持</td><td>社区活跃，企业级支持完善</td><td>社区活跃，企业级支持完善</td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<h3 id="ansible-在云环境中的应用">Ansible 在云环境中的应用<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#ansible-在云环境中的应用" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h3>
<h4 id="aws-集成">AWS 集成<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#aws-集成" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<p>安装并配置 <code>boto3</code> 库，使用 <code>ec2</code> 模块管理 AWS 资源。</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">pip</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> install</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> boto3</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<p>配置 Ansible Inventory 使用 AWS 动态库存插件 <code>aws_ec2</code>：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="ini" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="ini" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">plugin: aws_ec2</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">regions:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - us-east-1</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">filters:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> instance-state-name: running</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<p>示例 Playbook：创建和管理 EC2 实例。</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">- </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Launch EC2 instance</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> hosts</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">localhost</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> tasks</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Launch an instance</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> ec2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> key_name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">my-key</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> instance_type</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">t2.micro</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> image</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">ami-0abcdef1234567890</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> wait</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">yes</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> region</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">us-east-1</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> group</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">my-security-group</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<h4 id="azure-集成">Azure 集成<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#azure-集成" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<p>安装并配置 <code>azure-cli</code> 和 <code>azure-mgmt</code> 库，使用 <code>azure_rm</code> 模块管理 Azure 资源。</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">pip</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> install</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> azure-cli</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> azure-mgmt</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<p>配置 Ansible Inventory 使用 Azure 动态库存插件 <code>azure_rm</code>：</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">plugin</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">azure_rm</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">include_vm_resource_groups</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">myResourceGroup</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<p>示例 Playbook：创建和管理 Azure VM 实例。</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">- </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Launch Azure VM</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> hosts</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">localhost</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> tasks</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Create a VM</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> azure_rm_virtualmachine</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> resource_group</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">myResourceGroup</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">myVM</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> vm_size</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Standard_DS1_v2</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> admin_username</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">azureuser</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> admin_password</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Password123!</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> image</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> offer</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">UbuntuServer</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> publisher</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Canonical</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> sku</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">18.04-LTS</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> version</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">latest</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<h4 id="云资源管理和部署">云资源管理和部署<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#云资源管理和部署" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<h5 id="动态库存管理">动态库存管理<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#动态库存管理" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h5>
<p>使用动态库存插件自动发现和管理云资源，无需手动更新 Inventory 文件。</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">List EC2 instances</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> hosts</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">localhost</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> tasks</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">List instances</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> ec2_instance_facts</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> region</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">us-east-1</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<h5 id="自动化部署">自动化部署<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#自动化部署" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h5>
<p>使用 Ansible Playbook 实现云资源的自动化部署和配置，简化操作流程。</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">- </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Deploy web application on AWS</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> hosts</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">tag_Environment_web</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> become</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">yes</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> tasks</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Install Nginx</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> yum</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">nginx</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> state</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">present</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Start Nginx</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> service</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">nginx</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> state</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">started</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<h3 id="ansible-在容器化环境中的应用">Ansible 在容器化环境中的应用<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#ansible-在容器化环境中的应用" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h3>
<h4 id="docker-集成">Docker 集成<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#docker-集成" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<p>使用 <code>community.docker</code> 集成 Docker，管理 Docker 容器和镜像。</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">- </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Manage Docker</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> hosts</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">all</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> become</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">yes</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> tasks</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Install Docker</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> apt</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">docker.io</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> state</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">present</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Run a Docker container</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> community.docker.docker_container</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">mycontainer</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> image</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">nginx</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> state</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">started</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> ports</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">&quot;80:80&quot;</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<h4 id="kubernetes-集成">Kubernetes 集成<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#kubernetes-集成" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<p>使用 <code>kubernetes.core</code> 集成 Kubernetes，管理 Kubernetes 资源和集群。</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">- </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Manage Kubernetes</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> hosts</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">localhost</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> tasks</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Create a namespace</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> kubernetes.core.k8s</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> state</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">present</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> definition</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> apiVersion</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">v1</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> kind</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Namespace</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> metadata</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">mynamespace</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Deploy a pod</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> kubernetes.core.k8s</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> state</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">present</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> definition</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> apiVersion</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">v1</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> kind</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Pod</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> metadata</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">mypod</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> namespace</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">mynamespace</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> spec</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> containers</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">nginx</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> image</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">nginx</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<h4 id="容器部署">容器部署<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#容器部署" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<p>使用 Ansible 部署和管理容器化应用，实现自动化运维。</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">- </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Deploy Dockerized application</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> hosts</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">all</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> become</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">yes</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> tasks</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Pull Docker image</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> community.docker.docker_image</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">myapp</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> tag</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">latest</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> source</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">pull</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Run Docker container</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> community.docker.docker_container</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">myapp</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> image</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">myapp:latest</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> state</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">started</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> ports</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">&quot;8080:8080&quot;</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<h4 id="kubernetes-应用编排">Kubernetes 应用编排<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#kubernetes-应用编排" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<p>使用 Ansible 管理 Kubernetes 集群，实现应用编排和服务发现。</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">- </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Deploy Kubernetes application</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> hosts</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">localhost</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> tasks</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Create deployment</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> kubernetes.core.k8s</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> state</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">present</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> definition</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> apiVersion</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">apps/v1</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> kind</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Deployment</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> metadata</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">myapp</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> namespace</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">default</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> spec</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> replicas</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">3</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> selector</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> matchLabels</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> app</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">myapp</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> template</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> metadata</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> labels</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> app</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">myapp</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> spec</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> containers</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">myapp</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> image</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">myapp:latest</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> ports</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">containerPort</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">8080</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Expose service</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> kubernetes.core.k8s</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> state</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">present</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> definition</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> apiVersion</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">v1</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> kind</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Service</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> metadata</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">myapp-service</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> namespace</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">default</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> spec</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> selector</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> app</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">myapp</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> ports</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">protocol</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">TCP</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> port</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">80</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> targetPort</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">8080</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<h3 id="ansible-在传统-it-环境中的应用">Ansible 在传统 IT 环境中的应用<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#ansible-在传统-it-环境中的应用" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h3>
<h4 id="数据中心管理">数据中心管理<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#数据中心管理" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<h5 id="服务器配置管理">服务器配置管理<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#服务器配置管理" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h5>
<p>使用 Ansible 管理数据中心服务器的配置，确保一致性和自动化。</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">- </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Configure data center servers</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> hosts</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">datacenter</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> become</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">yes</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> tasks</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Update all packages</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> apt</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> upgrade</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">dist</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Ensure NTP is installed</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> apt</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">ntp</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> state</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">present</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Configure NTP</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> copy</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> src</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">templates/ntp.conf.j2</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> dest</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">/etc/ntp.conf</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> notify</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">restart ntp</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> handlers</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">restart ntp</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> service</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">ntp</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> state</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">restarted</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<h5 id="硬件管理">硬件管理<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#硬件管理" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h5>
<p>使用 Ansible 自动化硬件管理，如固件升级和 BIOS 配置。</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">- </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Manage hardware</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> hosts</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">datacenter</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> become</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">yes</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> tasks</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Upgrade firmware</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> command</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">/usr/bin/upgrade_firmware.sh</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<h4 id="网络设备配置">网络设备配置<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#网络设备配置" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<h5 id="网络设备管理">网络设备管理<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#网络设备管理" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h5>
<p>使用 Ansible 管理网络设备配置，自动化网络设备的部署和更新。</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">- </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Configure network devices</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> hosts</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">switches</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> become</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">yes</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> tasks</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Update switch firmware</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> ios_command</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> commands</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">copy tftp://192.0.2.1/new_firmware.bin flash</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">reload</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<h5 id="网络拓扑管理">网络拓扑管理<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#网络拓扑管理" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h5>
<p>使用 Ansible 自动化网络拓扑的配置和管理，确保网络配置的一致性。</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">- </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Configure network topology</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> hosts</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">routers</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> become</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">yes</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> tasks</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Configure OSPF</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> ios_config</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> lines</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">router ospf 1</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">network 10.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 0</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<h4 id="跨平台管理">跨平台管理<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#跨平台管理" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<h5 id="多操作系统管理">多操作系统管理<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#多操作系统管理" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h5>
<p>使用 Ansible 管理多种操作系统，包括 Linux、Windows 和 macOS。</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">- </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Manage multiple OS</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> hosts</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">all</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> become</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">yes</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> tasks</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Install packages on Linux</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> apt</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">nginx</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> state</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">present</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> when</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">ansible_os_family == &quot;Debian&quot;</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Install packages on Windows</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> win_feature</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Web-Server</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> state</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">present</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> when</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">ansible_os_family == &quot;Windows&quot;</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Install packages on macOS</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> homebrew</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">nginx</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> state</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">present</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> when</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">ansible_os_family == &quot;Darwin&quot;</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<h5 id="跨平台应用部署">跨平台应用部署<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#跨平台应用部署" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h5>
<p>使用 Ansible 实现跨平台应用的自动化部署，确保各平台的一致性。</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">- </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Deploy application across platforms</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> hosts</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">all</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> become</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">yes</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> tasks</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Deploy app on Linux</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> command</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">/usr/local/bin/deploy_app.sh</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> when</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">ansible_os_family == &quot;Debian&quot;</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Deploy app on Windows</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> win_command</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">C:\Deploy\deploy_app.bat</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> when</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">ansible_os_family == &quot;Windows&quot;</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Deploy app on macOS</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> command</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">/usr/local/bin/deploy_app.sh</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> when</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">ansible_os_family == &quot;Darwin&quot;</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<h2 id="ansible-实践案例">Ansible 实践案例<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#ansible-实践案例" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h2>
<h3 id="常见使用案例">常见使用案例<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#常见使用案例" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h3>
<h4 id="系统用户和组管理">系统用户和组管理<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#系统用户和组管理" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<p>创建用户和组，设置权限和密码。</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">- </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Create a new user</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> hosts</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">all</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> become</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">yes</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> tasks</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Add a user</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> user</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">john</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> state</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">present</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> password</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">&quot;{{ 'password' | password_hash('sha512') }}&quot;</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<h4 id="软件安装和更新">软件安装和更新<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#软件安装和更新" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<p>使用包管理器安装和更新软件包。</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">- </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Install and update software packages</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> hosts</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">all</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> become</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">yes</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> tasks</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Install nginx</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> apt</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">nginx</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> state</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">present</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Update all packages</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> apt</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> upgrade</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">dist</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<h4 id="服务管理">服务管理<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#服务管理" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<p>启动、停止和重启服务。</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">- </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Manage services</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> hosts</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">all</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> become</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">yes</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> tasks</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Ensure nginx is running</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> service</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">nginx</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> state</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">started</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<h4 id="文件和目录管理">文件和目录管理<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#文件和目录管理" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<p>创建、删除文件和目录，设置权限和所有者。</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">- </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Manage files and directories</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> hosts</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">all</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> become</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">yes</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> tasks</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Create a directory</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> file</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> path</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">/etc/myapp</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> state</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">directory</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Copy a configuration file</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> copy</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> src</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">files/myapp.conf</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> dest</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">/etc/myapp/myapp.conf</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> owner</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">root</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> group</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">root</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> mode</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">'0644'</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<h4 id="网络配置">网络配置<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#网络配置" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<p>配置网络接口和防火墙规则。</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">- </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Configure network interfaces</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> hosts</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">all</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> become</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">yes</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> tasks</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Configure eth0</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> network</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">eth0</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> state</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">up</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> address</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">192.168.1.100</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> netmask</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">255.255.255.0</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> gateway</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">192.168.1.1</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<h3 id="真实场景的-playbook-编写">真实场景的 Playbook 编写<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#真实场景的-playbook-编写" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h3>
<h4 id="lamp-堆栈部署">LAMP 堆栈部署<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#lamp-堆栈部署" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<p>安装 Apache、MySQL 和 PHP，配置虚拟主机和数据库。</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">- </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Deploy LAMP stack</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> hosts</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">webservers</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> become</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">yes</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> tasks</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Install Apache</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> apt</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">apache2</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> state</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">present</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Install MySQL</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> apt</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">mysql-server</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> state</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">present</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Install PHP</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> apt</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">php</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> state</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">present</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Configure Apache virtual host</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> template</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> src</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">templates/vhost.conf.j2</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> dest</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">/etc/apache2/sites-available/000-default.conf</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> notify</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">restart apache</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> handlers</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">restart apache</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> service</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">apache2</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> state</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">restarted</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<h4 id="docker-容器管理">Docker 容器管理<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#docker-容器管理" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<p>安装 Docker，启动容器，部署应用。</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">- </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Manage Docker containers</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> hosts</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">all</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> become</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">yes</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> tasks</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Install Docker</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> apt</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">docker.io</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> state</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">present</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Ensure Docker is running</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> service</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">docker</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> state</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">started</span></span>
<span data-line> </span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Run a web application container</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> docker_container</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">mywebapp</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> image</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">nginx</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> state</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">started</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> ports</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">&quot;80:80&quot;</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<h3 id="故障排除与调试技巧">故障排除与调试技巧<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#故障排除与调试技巧" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h3>
<h4 id="使用--vvv-选项">使用 <code>-vvv</code> 选项<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#使用--vvv-选项" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<p>提供详细的输出信息，帮助定位问题。</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">ansible-playbook -i inventory myplaybook.yml -vvv</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<h4 id="调试模块">调试模块<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#调试模块" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<p>使用 <code>debug</code> 模块输出变量信息。</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">- </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Debug variables</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> hosts</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">all</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> tasks</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Show variable value</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> debug</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> var</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">my_variable</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<h4 id="条件执行">条件执行<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#条件执行" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<p>使用 <code>when</code> 条件语句，避免在不满足条件时执行任务。</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">- </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Conditional execution</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> hosts</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">all</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> tasks</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Only run when condition is met</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> command</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">/usr/bin/somecommand</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> when</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">ansible_os_family == &quot;Debian&quot;</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<h4 id="查看日志文件">查看日志文件<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#查看日志文件" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<p>查看 Ansible 生成的日志文件，分析错误信息。</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">tail -f /var/log/ansible.log</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<h2 id="ansible-性能优化">Ansible 性能优化<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#ansible-性能优化" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h2>
<h3 id="大规模部署的性能优化">大规模部署的性能优化<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#大规模部署的性能优化" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h3>
<h4 id="并行执行">并行执行<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#并行执行" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<p>增加并行任务的数量，默认值为 5，可以通过 <code>forks</code> 参数调整。</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">ansible-playbook</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> -i</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> inventory</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> myplaybook.yml</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> -f</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> 10</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<h4 id="ssh-连接复用">SSH 连接复用<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#ssh-连接复用" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<p>启用 SSH 连接复用，提高效率。</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="ini" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="ini" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">[ssh_connection]</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">ssh_args</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> = -o </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">ControlMaster</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">=auto -o </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">ControlPersist</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">=60s</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<h4 id="使用缓存">使用缓存<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#使用缓存" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<p>使用事实缓存减少收集远程主机信息的时间。</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="ini" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="ini" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">[defaults]</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">fact_caching</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> = jsonfile</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">fact_caching_connection</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> = /tmp/ansible_cache</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<h3 id="高效编写-playbooks-的技巧">高效编写 Playbooks 的技巧<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#高效编写-playbooks-的技巧" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h3>
<h4 id="避免重复">避免重复<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#避免重复" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<p>使用角色和 include 机制，避免重复代码。</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">- </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Include common tasks</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> import_tasks</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">common.yml</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<h4 id="变量和模板">变量和模板<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#变量和模板" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<p>使用变量和模板简化配置文件。</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">- </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Use variables in tasks</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> hosts</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">all</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> vars</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> my_var</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">&quot;value&quot;</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> tasks</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Print variable</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> debug</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> msg</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">&quot;The value is {{ my_var }}&quot;</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<h4 id="条件和循环">条件和循环<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#条件和循环" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<p>使用条件和循环减少代码冗余。</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">- </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Install multiple packages</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> hosts</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">all</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> become</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">yes</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> tasks</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Install packages</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> apt</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">&quot;{{ item }}&quot;</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> state</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">present</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> loop</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">nginx</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">mysql-server</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">php</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<h3 id="常见性能问题及解决方案">常见性能问题及解决方案<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#常见性能问题及解决方案" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h3>
<h4 id="ssh-连接瓶颈">SSH 连接瓶颈<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#ssh-连接瓶颈" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<p>使用 <code>pipelining</code> 提升 SSH 连接速度。</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="ini" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="ini" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">[ssh_connection]</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">pipelining</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> = True</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<h4 id="冗余任务执行">冗余任务执行<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#冗余任务执行" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<p>​ 使用 <code>check_mode</code> 检查任务是否需要执行，避免不必要的任务执行。</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">- </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Check mode example</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> hosts</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">all</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> tasks</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Ensure nginx is installed</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> apt</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">nginx</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> state</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">present</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> check_mode</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">yes</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<h4 id="过多事实收集">过多事实收集<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#过多事实收集" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h4>
<p>禁用不必要的事实收集，提高效率。</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">- </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Disable fact gathering</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> hosts</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">all</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> gather_facts</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">no</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> tasks</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Ensure nginx is installed</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> apt</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">nginx</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> state</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">present</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<h2 id="ansible-集成">Ansible 集成<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#ansible-集成" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h2>
<h3 id="jenkins">Jenkins<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#jenkins" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h3>
<ol>
<li>
<p><strong>安装 Jenkins 插件</strong></p>
<p>安装 Ansible 插件和 SSH 插件，以便 Jenkins 可以运行 Ansible 任务。</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><strong>配置 Jenkins 作业</strong></p>
<p>创建一个 Jenkins 作业，配置源代码管理、构建触发器等。</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><strong>在 Jenkins 中运行 Playbook</strong></p>
<p>在 Jenkins 作业中添加构建步骤，运行 Ansible Playbook。</p>
</li>
</ol>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="shell" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;"> ansible-playbook</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;"> -i</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> inventory</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;"> myplaybook.yml</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<h3 id="nagios">Nagios<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#nagios" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h3>
<p>使用 Ansible 安装和配置 Nagios，部署监控插件。</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Install Nagios</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> hosts</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">all</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> become</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">yes</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> tasks</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Install Nagios packages</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> apt</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">nagios3</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> state</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">present</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Configure Nagios</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> template</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> src</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">templates/nagios.cfg.j2</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> dest</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">/etc/nagios3/nagios.cfg</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> notify</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">restart nagios</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> </span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> handlers</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">restart nagios</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> service</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">nagios3</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> state</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">restarted</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<h3 id="prometheus">Prometheus<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#prometheus" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h3>
<p>使用 Ansible 部署 Prometheus 和 Node Exporter，收集和监控指标。</p>
<figure data-rehype-pretty-code-figure><pre tabindex="0" data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark"><code data-language="yaml" data-theme="github-light github-dark" style="display:grid;"><span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Install Prometheus</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> hosts</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">all</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> become</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">yes</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> tasks</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Download Prometheus</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> get_url</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> url</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus/releases/download/v2.26.0/prometheus-2.26.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> dest</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">/tmp/prometheus.tar.gz</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> </span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Extract Prometheus</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> unarchive</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> src</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">/tmp/prometheus.tar.gz</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> dest</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">/opt/</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> remote_src</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">yes</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> </span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Configure Prometheus</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> template</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> src</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">templates/prometheus.yml.j2</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> dest</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">/opt/prometheus-2.26.0.linux-amd64/prometheus.yml</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> </span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">Create systemd service</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> template</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> src</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">templates/prometheus.service.j2</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> dest</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">/etc/systemd/system/prometheus.service</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> notify</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">reload systemd</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">start prometheus</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> </span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> handlers</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">reload systemd</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> command</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">systemctl daemon-reload</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> - </span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">start prometheus</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> service</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">:</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">prometheus</span></span>
<span data-line><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;"> state</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">started</span></span></code></pre></figure>
<p>通过以上系统全面的内容，您可以更好地理解和掌握 Ansible 的使用，从而实现自动化部署和管理，提高工作效率。</p></article><hr/><div class="page-footer"></div></div><div class="right sidebar"><div class="graph"><h3>关系图谱</h3><div class="graph-outer"><div id="graph-container" data-cfg="{&quot;drag&quot;:true,&quot;zoom&quot;:true,&quot;depth&quot;:1,&quot;scale&quot;:1.1,&quot;repelForce&quot;:0.5,&quot;centerForce&quot;:0.3,&quot;linkDistance&quot;:30,&quot;fontSize&quot;:0.6,&quot;opacityScale&quot;:1,&quot;showTags&quot;:true,&quot;removeTags&quot;:[],&quot;focusOnHover&quot;:false}"></div><button id="global-graph-icon" aria-label="Global Graph"><svg version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 55 55" fill="currentColor" xml:space="preserve"><path d="M49,0c-3.309,0-6,2.691-6,6c0,1.035,0.263,2.009,0.726,2.86l-9.829,9.829C32.542,17.634,30.846,17,29,17
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s-2-0.897-2-2s0.897-2,2-2S47,39.897,47,41z M49,10c-2.206,0-4-1.794-4-4s1.794-4,4-4s4,1.794,4,4S51.206,10,49,10z"></path></svg></button></div><div id="global-graph-outer"><div id="global-graph-container" data-cfg="{&quot;drag&quot;:true,&quot;zoom&quot;:true,&quot;depth&quot;:-1,&quot;scale&quot;:0.9,&quot;repelForce&quot;:0.5,&quot;centerForce&quot;:0.3,&quot;linkDistance&quot;:30,&quot;fontSize&quot;:0.6,&quot;opacityScale&quot;:1,&quot;showTags&quot;:true,&quot;removeTags&quot;:[],&quot;focusOnHover&quot;:true}"></div></div></div><div class="toc desktop-only"><button type="button" id="toc" class aria-controls="toc-content" aria-expanded="true"><h3>目录</h3><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="fold"><polyline points="6 9 12 15 18 9"></polyline></svg></button><div id="toc-content" class><ul class="overflow"><li class="depth-0"><a href="#ansible" data-for="ansible">Ansible</a></li><li class="depth-1"><a href="#ansible-历史与发展" data-for="ansible-历史与发展">Ansible 历史与发展</a></li><li class="depth-1"><a href="#ansible-架构概述" data-for="ansible-架构概述">Ansible 架构概述</a></li><li class="depth-1"><a href="#ansible-主要特性" data-for="ansible-主要特性">Ansible 主要特性</a></li><li class="depth-1"><a href="#ansible-应用场景" data-for="ansible-应用场景">Ansible 应用场景</a></li><li class="depth-0"><a href="#ansible-安装与配置" data-for="ansible-安装与配置">Ansible 安装与配置</a></li><li class="depth-1"><a href="#系统要求" data-for="系统要求">系统要求</a></li><li class="depth-1"><a href="#ansible-安装步骤" data-for="ansible-安装步骤">Ansible 安装步骤</a></li><li class="depth-1"><a href="#ansible-配置方法" data-for="ansible-配置方法">Ansible 配置方法</a></li><li class="depth-0"><a href="#ansible-自动化管理基础" data-for="ansible-自动化管理基础">Ansible 自动化管理基础</a></li><li class="depth-1"><a href="#ansible-playbooks" data-for="ansible-playbooks">Ansible Playbooks</a></li><li class="depth-1"><a href="#ansible-模块" data-for="ansible-模块">Ansible 模块</a></li><li class="depth-1"><a href="#ansible-变量和模板" data-for="ansible-变量和模板">Ansible 变量和模板</a></li><li class="depth-0"><a href="#ansible-高级应用技巧" data-for="ansible-高级应用技巧">Ansible 高级应用技巧</a></li><li class="depth-1"><a href="#ansible-角色" data-for="ansible-角色">Ansible 角色</a></li><li class="depth-1"><a href="#ansible-动态-inventory" data-for="ansible-动态-inventory">Ansible 动态 Inventory</a></li><li class="depth-1"><a href="#ansible-vault" data-for="ansible-vault">Ansible Vault</a></li><li class="depth-0"><a href="#ansible-与其他自动化工具的比较" data-for="ansible-与其他自动化工具的比较">Ansible 与其他自动化工具的比较</a></li><li class="depth-1"><a href="#ansible-在云环境中的应用" data-for="ansible-在云环境中的应用">Ansible 在云环境中的应用</a></li><li class="depth-1"><a href="#ansible-在容器化环境中的应用" data-for="ansible-在容器化环境中的应用">Ansible 在容器化环境中的应用</a></li><li class="depth-1"><a href="#ansible-在传统-it-环境中的应用" data-for="ansible-在传统-it-环境中的应用">Ansible 在传统 IT 环境中的应用</a></li><li class="depth-0"><a href="#ansible-实践案例" data-for="ansible-实践案例">Ansible 实践案例</a></li><li class="depth-1"><a href="#常见使用案例" data-for="常见使用案例">常见使用案例</a></li><li class="depth-1"><a href="#真实场景的-playbook-编写" data-for="真实场景的-playbook-编写">真实场景的 Playbook 编写</a></li><li class="depth-1"><a href="#故障排除与调试技巧" data-for="故障排除与调试技巧">故障排除与调试技巧</a></li><li class="depth-0"><a href="#ansible-性能优化" data-for="ansible
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