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<html lang="zh"><head><title>数据恢复杂谈</title><meta charset="utf-8"/><link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com"/><link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com"/><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=IBM Plex Mono&family=Noto Serif Simplified Chinese:wght@400;700&family=Source Sans Pro:ital,wght@0,400;0,600;1,400;1,600&display=swap"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/><meta property="og:title" content="数据恢复杂谈"/><meta property="og:description" content="一次数据恢复经历，他帮助一位公务人员恢复了执法记录仪中的视频文件。文章介绍了数据恢复的基本常识，包括物理损坏和逻辑损坏，以及恢复方式。作者详细描述了文件修复的过程，包括使用数据恢复软件、视频修复工具等。最后，他提到了数据销毁的问题，强调了数据的重要性。."/><meta property="og:image" content="https://wiki.7wate.com/static/og-image.png"/><meta property="og:width" content="1200"/><meta property="og:height" content="675"/><link rel="icon" href="../../../static/icon.png"/><meta name="description" content="一次数据恢复经历，他帮助一位公务人员恢复了执法记录仪中的视频文件。文章介绍了数据恢复的基本常识，包括物理损坏和逻辑损坏，以及恢复方式。作者详细描述了文件修复的过程，包括使用数据恢复软件、视频修复工具等。最后，他提到了数据销毁的问题，强调了数据的重要性。."/><meta name="generator" content="Quartz"/><link href="../../../index.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" spa-preserve/><link href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/KaTeX/0.16.9/katex.min.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" spa-preserve/><script src="../../../prescript.js" type="application/javascript" spa-preserve></script><script type="application/javascript" spa-preserve>const fetchData = fetch("../../../static/contentIndex.json").then(data => data.json())</script></head><body data-slug="Personal/Blog/2020/数据恢复杂谈"><div id="quartz-root" class="page"><div id="quartz-body"><div class="left sidebar"><h2 class="page-title"><a href="../../..">🪴 X·Eden</a></h2><div class="spacer mobile-only"></div><div class="search"><button class="search-button" id="search-button"><p>搜索</p><svg role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 19.9 19.7"><title>Search</title><g class="search-path" fill="none"><path stroke-linecap="square" d="M18.5 18.3l-5.4-5.4"></path><circle cx="8" cy="8" r="7"></circle></g></svg></button><div id="search-container"><div id="search-space"><input autocomplete="off" id="search-bar" name="search" type="text" aria-label="搜索些什么" placeholder="搜索些什么"/><div id="search-layout" data-preview="true"></div></div></div></div><button class="darkmode" id="darkmode"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" id="dayIcon" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 35 35" style="enable-background:new 0 0 35 35" xml:space="preserve" aria-label="暗色模式"><title>暗色模式</title><path d="M6,17.5C6,16.672,5.328,16,4.5,16h-3C0.672,16,0,16.672,0,17.5 S0.672,19,1.5,19h3C5.328,19,6,18.328,6,17.5z M7.5,26c-0.414,0-0.789,0.168-1.061,0.439l-2,2C4.168,28.711,4,29.086,4,29.5 C4,30.328,4.671,31,5.5,31c0.414,0,0.789-0.168,1.06-0.44l2-2C8.832,28.289,9,27.914,9,27.5C9,26.672,8.329,26,7.5,26z M17.5,6 C18.329,6,19,5.328,19,4.5v-3C19,0.672,18.329,0,17.5,0S16,0.672,16,1.5v3C16,5.328,16.671,6,17.5,6z M27.5,9 c0.414,0,0.789-0.168,1.06-0.439l2-2C30.832,6.289,31,5.914,31,5.5C31,4.672,30.329,4,29.5,4c-0.414,0-0.789,0.168-1.061,0.44 l-2,2C26.168,6.711,26,7.086,26,7.5C26,8.328,26.671,9,27.5,9z M6.439,8.561C6.711,8.832,7.086,9,7.5,9C8.328,9,9,8.328,9,7.5 c0-0.414-0.168-0.789-0.439-1.061l-2-2C6.289,4.168,5.914,4,5.5,4C4.672,4,4,4.672,4,5.5c0,0.414,0.168,0.789,0.439,1.06 L6.439,8.561z M33.5,16h-3c-0.828,0-1.5,0.672-1.5,1.5s0.672,1.5,1.5,1.5h3c0.828,0,1.5-0.672,1.5-1.5S
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<h2 id="数据恢复基本常识">数据恢复基本常识<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#数据恢复基本常识" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h2>
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<p>首先对于电子文件的损坏，无外乎以下两种损坏的方式。</p>
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<h3 id="物理损毁">物理损毁<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#物理损毁" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h3>
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<p>就是指存储电子文件的物理硬件：磁带、磁盘、光盘等损毁，因为物理元件的损毁导致文件修复难度极大，所及基本上 99% 的物理损毁很难被修复，同时文件的价值也可能不值得我们去修复（物理损毁修复价格及其昂贵）。</p>
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<h3 id="逻辑损坏">逻辑损坏<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#逻辑损坏" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h3>
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<p>逻辑损坏有很多种，常见的就是电子文件被删除，覆盖，格式化等。逻辑损坏修复的可能性较大，同时修复的价值相对物理损毁较低，所以大部分的逻辑损坏都是可以尝试修复的，这也是我觉得能恢复上述的原因。</p>
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<h3 id="恢复方式">恢复方式<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#恢复方式" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h3>
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<p>大多逻辑损坏可以通过市面上常见的数据恢复软件修复，例如 DiskGenius 就一款专业级的数据恢复软件，同时也不乏其他好用的软件，需要各位自行体验了。</p>
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<h2 id="文件修复过程">文件修复过程<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#文件修复过程" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h2>
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<ol>
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<li>执法记录仪是惠普的 DSJ 系列之一，拥有官方的桌面管理工具，通过阅读说明书发现连接记录仪需要禁用驱动程序签名强制，具体操作可以 Google。</li>
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<li>连接执法记录仪，登录软件，进入 U 盘模式。</li>
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<li>通过使用数据恢复软件，查找到近两年的视频文件。</li>
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<li>恢复视频文件，发现视频文件无法打开。</li>
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<li>猜测视频文件头可能损坏，使用视频修复工具修复。</li>
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<li>文件修复成功，但视频错乱，只修复了部分帧数。</li>
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</ol>
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<p>首先在成功连接执法记录仪后，便先用了 DiskGenius，但发现恢复的是一些无用文件。便找到了另外一款，该软件成功恢复了视频文件的目录，所以我觉得还是挺有希望的。26G 的视频恢复了一个多小时，但是恢复之后只有几个视频文件可以打开。</p>
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<p>这个时候心凉了一半，觉得可能要出糗了。但是根据我多年的行业经验和直觉，我觉的还有救。使用十六进制编辑工具打开视频，果不其然有救。至于为什么有救，因为我之前逆向研究过 GIF 的文件格式，所以我猜测，文件头可能是损坏的，但是视频的部分帧数可能还没有被覆盖。但是现在去哪里找一个这样的工具，总不能现成写一个吧。</p>
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<p>不过还真就找到了这样的一个工具：Video Repair Tool，通过它我成功的修复了部分未覆盖的视频帧数 。后来还是没能帮上忙，执法视频文件在 1 月 17 日，我只找回来到 1 月 31 日的部分视频文件。</p>
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<h2 id="杂谈">杂谈<a role="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-no-popover="true" href="#杂谈" class="internal"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></a></h2>
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<p>简单的描述了一下这次的文件恢复，其实我没有这项技能的。只是凭借多年的行业经验和直觉，我才揽下这个小 case 的。</p>
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<p>后来 Google 了一下，看到了挺多对数据恢复和销毁的观点。这里我也简单谈一下自己的看法，欢迎各位交流。</p>
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<p>对于销毁文件，因为电子文件是被人为的创造出来的，所以它不存在销毁的决无踪迹。但是你可以销毁它存在的记录，使其恢复的成本提高。为什么要这样说，因为毕竟猴子算法都存在可能性，所以任何文件都有被修复或创造范本的可能性存在。</p>
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<p>但是如何提高文件的恢复成本，网上有很多种说法：全覆盖 35 次，0 填充一次，扔进火堆哈哈。我认为在不损害物理硬件的前提下，理论上三次全覆盖擦写，找回的可能性就如同猴子算法的平均时间复杂度一样 O(n × n!)。</p>
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<p>希望大家多了解一下相关的知识，务必不要让自己的文件损毁。我之前一块 2T 移动硬盘坏掉了给我心疼的，心疼着心疼着我还是没想起来里面到底存了啥哈哈哈。</p>
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<blockquote>
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<p>硬盘有价、数据无价！</p>
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